An Interactive Annotated World Bibliography of Printed and Digital Works in the History of Medicine and the Life Sciences from Circa 2000 BCE to 2024 by Fielding H. Garrison (1870-1935), Leslie T. Morton (1907-2004), and Jeremy M. Norman (1945- ) Traditionally Known as “Garrison-Morton”

16061 entries, 14144 authors and 1947 subjects. Updated: November 17, 2024

Browse by Publication Year 1950–1959

574 entries
  • 16.1

The medical works of Hippocrates. A new translation by J. Chadwick and W.N. Mann.

Oxford: Blackwell, 1950.

This collection of translations was partly reprinted with an introduction by G.E.R. Lloyd, and the addition of three new translations by I.M. Lonie as Hippocratic Writings, Harmondsworth: Penguin Classics, 1978.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece, Medicine: General Works
  • 1584

The history of muscle physiology from the natural philosophers to Albrecht von Haller.

Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1950.

Acta Historica Scientiarum Naturalium et Medicinalium, Vol. 7.



Subjects: PHYSIOLOGY › History of Physiology
  • 2028.1

Prevention of haemolysis during freezing and thawing red blood-cells.

Lancet, 2, 910-11, 1950.

Demonstration that human blood diluted with equal volumes of 30% glycerol in Ringer’s lactate solution could be frozen at -79° C and thawed after eight weeks without damage.



Subjects: THERAPEUTICS › Blood Transfusion, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 1670

A history of English public health, 1834-1939.

London: Baillière, Tindall & Cox, 1950.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › England (United Kingdom), PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 1945.1

Terramycin, a new antibiotic.

Science, 111, 85, 1950.

Oxtetracycline (terramycin).



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2352

A new and practical B.C.G. skin test (the B.C.G. scarification test) for the detection of the total tuberculous allergy.

Canad. J. publ. Hlth., 41, 72-83, 1950.


Subjects: ALLERGY, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Tuberculosis, Laboratory Medicine › Diagnostic Skin Tests
  • 1757

Reciprocal skin homografts in a medico-legal case of familial identification of exchanged identical twins.

Brit. J. plast. Surg., 2, 283-89, 1950.

Skin grafting used to decide the relationship of identical twins who had been accidentally separated at birth.



Subjects: Forensic Medicine (Legal Medicine), PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY › Skin Grafting
  • 2660.2

A sensitive directional gamma-ray detector.

Nucleonics, 6, 78-81, 1950.

Directional scintillation detector probe. Cassen assembled the first automated scanning system, comprised of a motor driven scintillation detector coupled to a relay printer. The scanner was initially used to image thyroid glands after the administration of radioiodine.  Later, with the development of organ-specific radiopharmaceuticals, the scanner was widely used during the late 50s until the early 70s to image body organs. With L. Curtis and C. W. Reed.



Subjects: IMAGING, Nuclear Medicine, ONCOLOGY & CANCER
  • 3047.1

Hypothermia: its possible role in cardiac surgery: an investigation of factors governing survival in dogs at low body temperatures.

Ann. surg., 132, 849-66, 1950.

Bigelow pioneered surface-induced whole body hypothermia and temporary cardiac flow occlusion. With W.F. Greenwood.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 2238

The physiology and pathology of exposure to stress.

Montréal: Acta Inc., 1950.

In his study of the etiology of the collagen disease Selye developed the idea that animals react to stress or injury by a certain sequence of physiological reactions – the “general adaption syndrome”.



Subjects: Medicine: General Works, PHYSIOLOGY
  • 2578.8

Localization of antigen in tissue cells. II. Improvements in a method for the detection of antigen by means of fluorescent antibody.

J. exp. Med., 91, 1-13, 1950.

Fluorescent antibody technique.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2881

Mechanism of the auricular arrythmias.

Circulation, 1, 241-45, 1950.

With E. Corday, I. C. Brill, A. L. Seller, R. W. Oblath, W. A. Flieg, and H. E. Kruger.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias
  • 2882

Congenital heart disease.

Brit. med. J., 2, 639-45, 693-98, 1950.

A new classification proposed.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › Congenital Heart Defects, GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Congenital Heart Defects
  • 3215.1

Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchogenic carcinoma: A study of 684 proved cases.

J. Amer. med. Assoc., 143, 329-36, 1950.

A case-control study proving an association between heavy prolonged cigarette smoking and bronchogenic carcinoma. See also the following paper on pp. 336-38. Reprinted in J. Amer. med. Assoc. 1985, 253, 2986-97.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Carcinoma, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Botanic Sources of Single Component Drugs › Tobacco, RESPIRATION › Respiratory Diseases, TOXICOLOGY › Drug Addiction
  • 3215.2

Smoking and carcinoma of the lung. Preliminary report.

Brit. med. J., 2, 739-48, 1950.

A study of 1,465 cases of lung cancer and 1,465 matched controls, which confirmed and extended the studies of Wynder and Graham, and others. See also later papers by the same authors in Brit. med. J., 1952, 2,1271-86; 1956, 2, 1071-81; 1964, 1, 1399-1410.



Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Carcinoma, RESPIRATION › Respiratory Diseases, TOXICOLOGY › Drug Addiction
  • 3788.1

Triethylene melamine in the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and allied neoplasms

Trans. Ass. Amer. Phycns., 63, 136-46., 1950.

With D. A. Karnofsky, J. H. Burchenal, and L. F. Craver.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, Spleen: Lymphatics
  • 4256.1

Homotransplantation of the kidney in human; preliminary report.

J. Amer. med. Assoc., 144, 844-5, 1950.

Report of first human patient to survive a kidney transplant. The operation was on June 17, 1950, and the patient was discharged on August 26. With four co-authors. See No. 4257.



Subjects: NEPHROLOGY › Renal Disease › Renal Transplantation, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 3692.1

Studies on mass control of dental caries through fluoridation of the public water supply.

Publ. Hlth. Rep. (Wash.), 65, 1403-08, 1950.

It has not been conclusively demonstrated whether fluoride serves a specific physiological role, but fluoridation of public water supplies was followed by a reduction in the incidence of dental caries. One of the first studies on mass control of dental caries. With F. A. Arnold, P. Jay, and J. W. Knutson. See No. 3681.2.



Subjects: DENTISTRY, PUBLIC HEALTH
  • 4154.3

Balanitis circumscripta chronica met plasmacellen-infiltraat.

Ned. T. Geneesk., 94, 1529-30, 1950.

Zoon’s plasma cell balanitis.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › Specific Dermatoses
  • 4405

The use of an artificial femoral head for arthroplasty of the hip joint.

J. Bone Jt Surg., 32B, 166-73, 1950.

Judet acrylic prosthesis.



Subjects: ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Devices › Joint Replacement, ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Surgery & Treatments › Hip
  • 4203

Permanent artificial (silicone) urethra.

J. Urol., 1950, 63, 168-72, 1950.

First implantation of silicone rubber tube to replace urethra.



Subjects: UROLOGY
  • 4435.3

The closed treatment of common fractures.

Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1950.

“A classic exposition of the non-operative approach” (Peltier).



Subjects: ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Surgery & Treatments › Fractures & Dislocations
  • 5016

Bibliography of electroencephalography, 1875-1948. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Suppl. No. 1

1950.

Covers both normal and disease states. Suppl. No. 23 (1964), ed. M. Fink, covers the period 1951-62.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, NEUROLOGY › History of Neurology, PHYSIOLOGY › Electrophysiology › Electroencephalography, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 5546.1

Colorado tick fever. Isolation of the virus from Dermacentor andersoni in nature and a laboratory study of the transmission of the virus in the tick.

J. Immunol., 64, 257-63, 1950.

Isolation of the virus of Colorado tick fever. With M. S. Miller and E. R. Mugrage.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Tick-Borne Diseases, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Colorado, VIROLOGY
  • 5352.2

Bibliography of onchocerciasis.

Washington, DC: Pan American Sanitary Bureau, 1950.

Publication No. 242.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Diseases, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › DISEASES DUE TO METAZOAN PARASITES, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Black Fly-Borne Diseases › Onchocerciasis (river blindness), OPHTHALMOLOGY › Ophthalmic Parasitology
  • 6783

A catalogue of incunabula and manuscripts in the Army Medical Library.

New York: Henry Schuman, 1950.

For supplement see No. 6786.18.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › 15th Century (Incunabula) & Medieval, BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Institutional Medical Libraries
  • 6784

UNITED STATES. National Library of Medicine Catalogue. 18 vols.

Ann Arbor, MI & Washington, DC, 19501966.

Two quinquennial and one sexennial cumulations of annual volumes. 6 vols., 1950-54; 6 vols., 1955-59; 6 vols., 1960-65. Author and subject indexes. First series under title “U.S. Armed Forces Medical Library”. See also No. 6763; continued by No. 6786.9.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Institutional Medical Libraries
  • 6447

Medicinens historie.

Copenhagen: Busck, 1950.

2nd edition, 1964.



Subjects: History of Medicine: General Works
  • 6655

CENTAURUS. International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine. 1-

Copenhagen, 1950.


Subjects: Periodicals Specializing in the History of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 5262.3

Primaquine, S.N. 13,272, a new curative agent in vivax malaria: a preliminary report.

J. nat. Malaria Soc., 9, 285-92, 1950.

Introduction of primaquine.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Malaria, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antimalarial Drugs
  • 5264.2

The conquest of malaria.

London: William Heinemann, 1950.


Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Malaria › History of Malaria
  • 255.6

Chemical specificity of nucleic acids and the mechanism of their enzymatic degradation.

Experientia (Basel), 6, 201-9, 1950.

"Chargaff's rules." Between 1946 and 1950 Chargaff carried out chemical studies that revolutionized attitudes towards DNA.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids
  • 258.1

Die Zeugungs- und Vererbungslehren der Antike und ihr Nachwirken.

Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1950.

A study of the earliest “scientific” theories of heredity and genetics.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › History of Genetics / Heredity
  • 7173

German aviation medicine in World War II. Prepared under the auspices of The Surgeon General, U. S. Air Force. 2 vols.

Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1950.

Comprehensive analysis of German accomplishments in aviation and aerospace medicine during World War II, written by 56 mostly specialist German physicians and scientists from the Nazi regime who were brought to the United States after the war and made U.S. citizens through Project Paperclip. Thorough bibliographies with every chapter. Introductory overview and summary chapter by Hubertus Strughold. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: AVIATION Medicine, AVIATION Medicine › History of Aviation / Aerospace Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › Air Force, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 7537

Childhood and society.

New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1950.


Subjects: PSYCHOLOGY
  • 7568

An inferometer microscope.

Proc. Roy. Soc. A., 204 (1077) 170–187., London, 1950.

Dyson designed one of the first usable interference microscopes  This optical system achieved interference imaging without requiring polarizing elements in the beam path.



Subjects: Microscopy
  • 8779

The biology of human starvation. 2 vols.

Minneapolis,MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1950.

"To gain insight into the physiology of starvation, in 1944 [Ancel] Keys carried out a starvation study with 36 conscientious objectors as test subjects in the Minnesota Starvation Experiment. At the time, conscientious objectors were being placed in virtual concentration camps, with a few functioning like the Civilian Public Service, so that recruiting them would prove easier than seeking out volunteers in the general population.[14][17] The original pool of 400 responders was reduced to 36 selectees, of whom 32 would go on to complete the study.[23] The main focus of the study was threefold: set a metabolic baseline for three months, study the physical and mental effects of starvation on the volunteers for six months, and then study the physical and mental effects of different refeeding protocols on them for three months.[14] The participants would first be placed on the three month baseline diet of 3200 calories after which their calories were reduced to 1800 calories/day while expending 3000 calories in activities such as walking. The final three months were a refeeding period where the volunteers were divided into four groups, each receiving a different caloric intake.[14]

The war came to an end before the final results of the study could be published, but Keys sent his findings to various international relief agencies throughout Europe[3]and, by 1950, he completed publication of his two-volume 1385-page Biology of Human Starvation." (Wikipedia article on Ancel Keys, accessed 01-2017).

 



Subjects: NUTRITION / DIET, PHYSIOLOGY
  • 9030

La demogenia Peruana y sus problemas medico-sociales.

Lima, Peru, 1950.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Peru, PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 9185

Variation and evolution in plants.

New York: Columbia University Press, 1950.

The first comprehensive exposition of the relationship between genetics and natural selection in plants, and the most imporant book on plant evolution published during the 20th century.  Stebbins combined genetics and natural selection to describe plant speciation. His work was one of the main publications that formed the core of the modern evolutionary synthesis and still provides the conceptual framework for research in plant evolutionary biology.

"According to Ernst Mayr, 'Few later works dealing with the evolutionary systematics of plants have not been very deeply affected by Stebbins' work"[2]....

"The 643-page book cites more than 1,250 references and was the longest of the four books associated with the modern evolutionary synthesis. The other key works of the modern evolutionary synthesis, whose publication also followed their authors' Jesup lectures, are Theodosius Dobzhansky's Genetics and the Origin of SpeciesErnst Mayr's Systematics and the Origin of Species and George Gaylord Simpson's Tempo and Mode in Evolution. The great significance of Variation and Evolution in Plants is that it effectively killed any serious belief in alternative mechanisms of evolution for plants, such as Lamarckian evolution or soft inheritance, which were still upheld by some botanists.[2] Stebbins book Flowering Plants: Evolution Above the Species Level was published in 1974 and was based on the Prather Lectures which he gave at Harvard. It is considered as an update to Variation and Evolution." (Wikipedia article on Variation and Evolution in Plants, accessed 02-2017).

 



Subjects: BOTANY, EVOLUTION
  • 10656

Oxygen transport and utilization in dogs at low body temperatures.

Am. J. Physiol., 160, 125-137., 1950.

This research by Bigelow and collegues first made possible the use of hypothermia in cardiac surgery.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 11571

The burden of diseases in the United States. 2 vols. (text + portfolio of color charts).

New York: Oxford University Press, 1950.

In this very attractively produced publication the authors called attention to the decreasing trend of death rates from infectious diseases and the increasing trend of death from chronic diseases such as cancer, cephritis, intracranial lesions of vascular origin, etc.



Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY, PUBLIC HEALTH
  • 12063

The origin and behavior of mutable loci in maize.

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA), 36, 344-355, 1950.

"In the summer of 1944 at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, McClintock systematic studies on the mechanisms of the mosaic color patterns of maize seed and the unstable inheritance of this mosaicism.[44] She identified two new dominant and interacting genetic loci that she named Dissociation (Ds) and Activator (Ac). She found that the Dissociation did not just dissociate or cause the chromosome to break, it also had a variety of effects on neighboring genes when the Activator was also present, which included making certain stable mutations unstable. In early 1948, she made the surprising discovery that both Dissociation and Activator could transpose, or change position, on the chromosome.[45][46][47][48]"

"Between 1948 and 1950, she [McClintock] developed a theory by which these mobile elements regulated the genes by inhibiting or modulating their action. She referred to Dissociation and Activator as "controlling units"—later, as "controlling elements"—to distinguish them from genes. She hypothesized that gene regulation could explain how complex multicellular organisms made of cells with identical genomes have cells of different function.[52] McClintock's discovery challenged the concept of the genome as a static set of instructions passed between generations.[3] In 1950, she reported her work on Ac/Ds and her ideas about gene regulation in a paper entitled "The origin and behavior of mutable loci in maize" published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (Wikipedia article on Barbara McClintock, accessed 3-2020). Digital facsimile from pnas.org at this link.

In 1983 McClintock was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for her discovery of mobile genetic elements." See also Nos. 13560 and14072.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › Genome, GENETICS / HEREDITY › Genome › Mobile Genetic Elements, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 12199

On acute diseases. On chronic diseases. Edited and translated by I.E. Drabkin.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1950.

The standard Latin texts and English translations. Regretably the medieval manuscripts on which the 16th century editions of Caelius Aurelianus were based did not survive. Nor have any other medieval codices of these texts survived, limiting critical analysis of the texts to the early printed editions and the fragments of Soranus’ extant Gynaecia and fragments of Caelius’ Latin translation of the work, along with Caelius’ extant Medicinales responsiones.  



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece, ANCIENT MEDICINE › Late Antiquity, ANCIENT MEDICINE › Roman Empire
  • 12323

Memories, men and medicine: A history of medicine in Sacramento, California, with biographies of the founders of the Sacramento Society for Medical Improvement and a few contemporaries, illustrated with views of Sacramento and some important characters.

Sacramento, CA: Sacramento Society for Medical Improvement, 1950.

Covers from the California Gold Rush to 1949.



Subjects: Education, Biomedical, & Biomedical Profession › History of Biomedical Education & Medical Profession, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › California
  • 12616

Liber medicinalis. Texte établi, traduit et commenté par R. Pépin.

Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1950.

Latin text with French translation.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Roman Empire
  • 12821

The diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders in childhood and adolescence.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1950.

The first textbook of pediatric endocrinology.



Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY, PEDIATRICS
  • 13473

Experimental congenital toxoplasmosis. 1. The vagina as a portral of entry of toxoplasma in the mouse. Experimental congenital toxomplasmosis II. Transmission of toxomplasmosis to the placenta and fetus following vaginal infection the the pregnant mouse. Experimental congenital toxoplasmosis III. Toxomplasmosis in the offspring of mice infected by the vaginal route. Incidence and manifestations of the disease.

J. Exp. Med., 92, 393-402, 403-16, 417-29, 1950.

"In 1950 and 1951, Drs. Cowen and Wolf published a series of 5 papers, super-titled, “Experimental Congenital Toxoplasmosis,” in which they demonstrated the intrauterine infection of placenta, fetus, and offspring with Toxoplasma, following its administration to pregnant mice intravaginally. They also elucidated the mechanism of disease transmission and the manifestations of toxoplasmosis in the mothers and in the products of their pregnancies, among other subjects. These investigations, which included the first histological demonstration of toxoplasmosis in the placenta of any species, together with the case reports that came before, brought them international recognition" (Geller, "In Memoriam," J. Neuropath & Exp. Neurol,. 62, 587-89).

I. Available from PubMedCentral at this link. II. Available from PubMedCentral at this link. III. Available from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Toxoplasmosis
  • 13474

Effects of suggestion and conditioning on the action of chemical agents in human subjects--the pharmacology of placebos.

J. Clin. Invest., 29, 100-109, 1950.

Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE › Placebo / Nocebo
  • 13525

Lysogenicity in Escherichia coli strain K-12.

Microbial Genetics Bull., 1, 5-8, 1950.

Discovery of phage λ (lambda phage). According to estherlederberg.com, only about 100 people received the first issue of Microbial Genetics Bulletin, a typed and mimeographed publication. Digital facsimile from estherlederberg.com at this link.

Esther Lederberg's discovery became much better known in a paper that she co-authored with her husband, Joshua Lederberg: "Genetic studies of lysogenicity in Escherichia coli," Genetics 38 (1953) 51-64. That paper was enhanced with photographs of the action of the phage on sensitive lysogenetic and resistant strains of E. coli. Digital facsimile of the 1953 paper from PubMedCentral at this link.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, GENETICS / HEREDITY
  • 13609

The role of urethra in female orgasm.

International Journal of Sexology, 3, 145-148, 1950.

"The G-spot, also called the Gräfenberg spot (for German gynecologist Ernst Gräfenberg), is characterized as an erogenous area of the vagina that, when stimulated, may lead to strong sexual arousal, powerful orgasms and potential female ejaculation.[1] It is typically reported to be located 5–8 cm (2–3 in) up the front (anterior) vaginal wall between the vaginal opening and the urethra and is a sensitive area that may be part of the female prostate.[2]

"The existence of the G-spot has not been proven, nor has the source of female ejaculation.[3][4] Although the G-spot has been studied since the 1940s,[2] disagreement persists over its existence as a distinct structure, definition and location...."(Wikipedia article on G-spot, accessed 9-2021)

The "G-spot" was named in a paper published in 1981: Frank Addiego ,Edwin G. Belzer Jr., Jill Comolli, William Moger, John D. Perry & Beverly Whipple, "Female ejaculation: A case study," Journal of Sex Research, 17 (1981) 13-21.

Digital text of Gräfenberg's 1950 paper from the Wayback Machine at this link.


Subjects: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › GYNECOLOGY, SEXUALITY / Sexology
  • 13804

The early smallpox epidemics in Europe and the plague of Athens after Thucydides.

Athens, Greece, 1950.


Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece › History of Ancient Medicine in Greece, EPIDEMIOLOGY › History of Epidemiology, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Smallpox › History of Smallpox
  • 13808

The cerebral cortex of man: A clinical study of localization of function.

New York: Macmillan & Co., 1950.


Subjects: NEUROSURGERY › Epilepsy
  • 13912

Catalogue of an exhibition illustrating prehistoric man in health and sickness. With an introduction by E. Ashworth Underwood.

London: Wellcome Historical Medical Museum, 1950.


Subjects: ANTHROPOLOGY › Paleoanthropology, PATHOLOGY › Paleopathology
  • 14277

The interconversion of the retinenes and vitamins A in vitro.

Biochemica et Biophysica Acta, 4, 215-228, 1950.

Continuing his research on retinal pigments structure and function with emphais on rhodopsin, Wald deciphered the interconversion of rhodopsin to retinene to Vitamin A.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: OPHTHALMOLOGY › Physiology of Vision
  • 356.2

Die Entwicklung Der Ornithologie von Aristoteles bis zur Gegenwart.

Berlin: F. W. Peters, 1951.

Revised English translation by H. and C. Epstein, ed. by G. Cottrell, as Ornithology from Aristotle to the present, with a foreword and an epilogue on American ornithology by Ernst Mayr. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1975.



Subjects: ZOOLOGY › History of Zoology, ZOOLOGY › Ornithology
  • 4672.4

A bibliography of infantile paralysis 1789-1949. With selected abstracts and annotations. 2nd edition.

Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1951.

An exhaustive list of books and papers.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Diseases, NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis, WOMEN in Medicine & the Life Sciences, Publications About
  • 532.2

Fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa deposited into the Fallopian tubes.

Nature, 168, 697-98, 1951.

Discovery that maturation of the sperm in the mammalian female tract is a necessary step in reproduction. This was co-discovered and called capacitation by Austin in the same year. See C.R. Austin, Observation on the penetration of the sperm into the mammalian eggs. Aust. J. sci. Res., 1951, B4, 581-.



Subjects: EMBRYOLOGY › Infertility, Reproductive Technology › In-Vitro Fertilization
  • 1246

The kidney: structure and function in health and disease.

New York: Oxford University Press, 1951.

An encyclopaedic presentation of kidney physiology, including the many contributions of the author.



Subjects: Genito-Urinary System › Kidney: Urinary Secretion, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Disease, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Physiology
  • 1246.01

Das Multiplikationsprinzip als Grundlage der Harnkonzentrierung in der Niere.

Zeit. f. Elektrochemie, 55, 539-558, 1951.

A theoretical treatment of the countercurrent hypothesis accompanied by data from a working model.



Subjects: Genito-Urinary System › Kidney: Urinary Secretion, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Physiology
  • 1246.1

Lokalisation des Konzentrierungsprozesses in der Niere durch direkte Kryoskopie.

Helv. Physiol. pharmacol. Acta, 9, 196-207, 1951.

The initial experimental evidence advanced in support of the countercurrent hypothesis. With B. Hargitay and W. Kuhn.



Subjects: Genito-Urinary System › Kidney: Urinary Secretion, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Physiology
  • 143.1

A source book in animal biology.

New York: McGraw-Hill, 1951.


Subjects: BIOLOGY › History of Biology
  • 1671

The United States Public Health Service, 1798-1950.

Washington, DC: Commissioned Officers Association of the United States Public Health Service, 1951.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States , PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 1671.11

A classified bibliography of gerontology and geriatrics.

Stanford, CA: University Press, 1951.

Supplements, in 1957 and 1963.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, GERIATRICS / Gerontology / Aging
  • 2067

The development of pharmacopoeias.

Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 4, 577-603, 1951.

Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › History of Pharmacology & Pharmaceuticals
  • 1945.2

Isolation of antibiotics from a species of Cephalosporium. Cephalosporins P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5.

Biochem. J., 50, 168-174, 1951.


Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 1945.3

Viomycin, a new antibiotic active against mycobacteria.

Amer. Rev. Tuberc., 63, 1-3, 1951.

Isolation of viomycin. With 11 co-authors.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 1945.4

Fungicidin, an antibiotic produced by a soil actinomycete.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 76, 93-97, 1951.

Isolation of nystatin (fungicidin).



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 2352.1

The multiple-puncture tuberculin test.

Lancet, 2, 151-53, 1951.

The Heaf multiple-puncture tuberculin test.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Tuberculosis, Laboratory Medicine › Diagnostic Skin Tests
  • 2660.3

Contributions to the study of marine products. XXXII. The nucleosides of sponges.

I. J. org. Chem. 16, 981-7, 1951.

Cytosine arabinoside, a pyramidine antagonist, used in acute myeloblastic anemia.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER
  • 3047.2

Aortic plastic valvular prosthesis.

Bull. Georgetown Univ. Med. Center, 4, 128-30, 1951.

Hufnagel designed and inserted the first workable prosthetic heart valve in man.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Heart Valve Disease, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Cardiothoracic Prostheses
  • 2725.1

La visualizzazione radiologica della porta pervia splenica.

Minerva med. (Torino), 42, i, 593-94, 1951.

Introduction of portal venography for investigation of portal hypertension.



Subjects: HEPATOLOGY, HEPATOLOGY › Diseases of the Liver, HEPATOLOGY › Diseases of the Liver › Portal Hypertension, IMAGING › X-ray › Angiography / Arteriography / Venography
  • 3978

Kliniske undersøgelser med nye retarderet virkende insulin-praeparater.

Ugeskr. Laeg.113, 1767-71, 1951.

First clinical trials of lente, ultralente, and semilente insulin zinc suspension. See also Science, 1952, 116, 394-98; and J. Amer. med. Assoc., 1952, 150, 1667. With M. Jersild, K. Peterson, and J. Schlichtkrull.



Subjects: Metabolism & Metabolic Disorders › Diabetes
  • 3855.2

Antithyroid activity of 2-carbethoxythio-1-methylglyoxaline.

Lancet, 2, 619-20, 1951.

Synthesis of Carbimazole. With C. Rimington and C. E. Searle. For clinical application see Lancet, 1951, 2, 621.



Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY › Thyroid
  • 4256.11

The pathogenesis of acute renal failure associated with traumatic and toxic injury. Renal ischemia, nephrotoxic damage and the ischemuric episode.

J. clin. Inves., 30, 1305-1439, 1951.

Oliver’s work on the structural lesions associated with acute renal failure in which he differentiated between the two types of damage: nephrotoxic, due to toxic substances, and tubulorhexic, due to ischemia, established our present understanding of the morphological basis for this condition.



Subjects: NEPHROLOGY › Renal Anatomy, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Disease, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Physiology
  • 2993.1

A propos du traitement des anévrysmes de l’aorte. Ablation de l’anévrysme. Rétablissement de la continuité par greffe d’aorte humaine conservée.

Mém. Acad. Chir. (Paris), 77, 381-83, 1951.

First successful resection of abdominal aortic aneurysm and insertion of a homologous graft. With M. Allary and N. Oeconomos.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Aneurysms, VASCULAR SURGERY
  • 3020.1

La greffe vasculaire dans les thromboses du carrefour aortique.

Presse méd., 59, 234-6, 1951.

Arterial homograft on aorta.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Thrombosis / Embolism, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 4154.4

A new syndrome combining developmental anomalies of the eyelids, eyebrows and nose root with pigmentary defects of the iris and head hair with congenital deafness.

Amer. J. hum. Genet. 3, 195-253, 1951.

“Waardenburg’s syndrome”.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › Specific Dermatoses, GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Waardenburg Syndrome, OTOLOGY › Physiology of Hearing
  • 4203.1

Le réservoir iléal de substitution après la cystectomie totale chez l’homme.

J. Urol. méd. chir., 57, 408-17, 1951.

Artificial bladder.



Subjects: UROLOGY
  • 5729

Bis-Cholinester von Dicarbonsäuren als Muskelrelaxantien in derNarkose.

Wien. klin. Wschr., 63, 464-66, 1951.

Clinical use of succinylcholine chloride. With K. H. Ginzel, H. Klupp, F. Pfaffenschlager, and G. Werner.



Subjects: ANESTHESIA
  • 5017

A history of neurological surgery. Edited by A. Earl Walker.

Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1951.

Includes a bibliography of nearly 2,400 references, nearly all of which are secondary sources.



Subjects: NEUROSURGERY › History of Neurosurgery
  • 5546.2

Cat-scratch fever. A disease entity.

New Engl. J. Med., 244, 545-48, 1951.

First description.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY › BACTERIA (mostly pathogenic; sometimes indexed only to genus) › Gram-Negative Bacteria › Bartonella, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Animal Bite Wound Infections › Cat Scratch Fever
  • 5813

Meister der Chirurgie und die Chirurgenschulen im Deutschen Raum.

Stuttgart: G. Thieme, 1951.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Germany, SURGERY: General › History of Surgery
  • 5991

Intra-ocular acrylic lenses.

Trans. ophthal. Soc. U.K., 71, 617-21, 1951.

Ridley implanted the first intra-ocular lens on 19 November 1949. At the time of this first report the lens had remained in place for 17 months.



Subjects: OPHTHALMOLOGY
  • 6742

The physician as man of letters, science and action. 2nd ed.

Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone Ltd., 1951.


Subjects: BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works), LITERATURE / Philosophy & Medicine & Biology
  • 6515

A medical history of Persia and the Eastern Caliphate from the earliest times until the year A.D. 1932.

Cambridge, England: University Press, 1951.

A continous history of the art and practice of medicine in Persia and bordering countries from the earliest times. Reprinted, with additions and corrections from the author’s copy: edited by G. van Heusden. Amsterdam, APA-Philo Press, 1979.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Iran (Persia), Persian (Iranian) Islamic Medicine › History of Persian (Iranian) Islamic Medicine
  • 6529.1

Geschichte der Medizin in Österreich.

Vienna: Rohrer, 1951.

Forms Bd. 226 Heft 5, of Österr. Akad. Wtss., Sitzungsber. Phil.-hist. Kl.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Austria
  • 6533

Uit drie eeuwen Nederlands geneeskunde.

Amsterdam: Meulenhoff, 1951.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Netherlands
  • 6545

History of medicine in Ireland.

Dublin: Browne & Nolan Ltd, 1951.

Second edition, Dublin, Skellig Press, 1983.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Ireland
  • 6785

The great medical bibliographers. A study in humanism.

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1951.

1. The Beginnings: Tritheim, Champier, and Gesner.

2. The Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Medical Book Sales, à Beughem, Van der Linden, Haller, and the Rise of Medical Biobibliography.

3. Medical Subject Indices: Ploucquet, Forbes, Callisen, and Billings; Choulant and Osler; Keynes and the Rise of Personal Bibliography.

Appendiix I. The Gesner Bibliothecae

Appendix II. List of Early Medical Sales

Appendix III. The Haller Bibliothecae

Appendix IV: Works by Ludwig Choulant

Appendix V:  [Bibliographies by] Geoffrey Keynes



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › History of Bibliography
  • 6448

A history of medicine. Vol. l - 2

New York: Oxford University Press, 19511961.

1. Primitive and archaic medicine. 2. Early Greek, Hindu and Persian medicine.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Greece , COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › India, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Iran (Persia), TRADITIONAL, Folk or Indigenous Medicine
  • 6658

HISTOIRE DE LA MÉDECINE. 1-

Paris, 1951.


Subjects: Periodicals Specializing in the History of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 6596.1

The health of slaves on southern plantations.

Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State Press, 1951.

Chiefly from contemporary MS records.



Subjects: BLACK PEOPLE & MEDICINE & BIOLOGY › History of Black People & Medicine & Biology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States , COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American South, Slavery and Medicine › History of Slavery & Medicine
  • 6602

Historia de la medicina Peruna. 3 vols.

Lima, Peru: Imprenta Santa Maria, 1951.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Peru, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 6602.1

Historia de la medicina en Venezuela.

Caracas, Venezuela: Imprenta Nacional, 1951.

Comprehensive account to end of ninteenth century.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Venezuela, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 5262.4

2:4-Diaminopyrimidines – a new series of antimalarials.

Brit. J. Pharmacol., 6, 185-200, 1951.

Preparation and laboratory tests of pyrimethamine. With L. G. Goodwin, G. H. Hutchings, I. M. Rollo, and P. B. Russell.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Malaria, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antimalarial Drugs
  • 5262.5

A 2:4-diamino pyrimidine in the treatment of proguanil-resistant laboratory malarial strains.

Nature (Lond.), 168, 332-33, 1951.

Pyrimethamine (daraprim).



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Malaria, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antimalarial Drugs
  • 255.7

Studio dei gemelli.

Rome: Edizioni Orizzonto Medico, 1951.

The first truly comprehensive work on the scientific study of twins. (1381pp., 547 illustrations, 161 tables). English translation of the first half of the work, with some revisions: Twins in history and science, Springfield, Charles C Thomas, [1961].



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY
  • 269.7

X-ray shadow microscope.

Nature (Lond.), 168, 24-5, 1951.


Subjects: IMAGING › X-ray, Microscopy
  • 269.8

An electrostatic focusing system and its application to a fine focus x-ray tube.

Proc. phys. Soc. (Lond.) B, 64, 67-75, 1951.

X-ray microscopy.



Subjects: IMAGING › X-ray, Microscopy
  • 6846

The structure of proteins: Two hydrogen-bonded configurations of the polypeptide chain.

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 37, 205-11, 1951.

Pauling, his crystallographer R. B. Corey, and African-American physicist and chemist H.R. Branson announced the α-helix, a principal structural feature of proteins. Digital facsimile from the National Academy of Sciences at this link.

In 1954 Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances." See also Nos. 6914, 3154.1, 13298.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Crystallization, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure, BLACK PEOPLE & MEDICINE & BIOLOGY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Chemistry (selected)
  • 6910

The computation of Fourier syntheses with a digital electronic calculating machine.

Acta Cryst., 5, 109-116, 19511952.

The first paper published in a scientific journal on the application of an electronic computer to computational biology. At the second English computer conference held in Manchester from July 9-12, 1951 computer scientist John Makepiece Bennett and biochemist and crystallographer John Kendrew described their use of the Cambridge EDSAC for the computation of Fourier syntheses in the calculation of structure factors of the protein molecule myoglobin. Their paper in Acta Crystallographica was an expansion of a briefer summary published in the Manchester University Computer Conference Proceedings (1951). It represents a more thorough presentation intended for x-ray crystallographers, and must have been submitted almost immediately after the Manchester Conference, since it was received by Acta Crystallographica on July 28, 1951.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure, COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology
  • 7113

Die botanische Buchillustration: Ihre Geschichte und Bibliographie. 2 vols.

Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 19511952.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Botany / Materia Medica, BOTANY › Botanical Illustration › History of Botanical Illustration
  • 7114

Schöne Fischbücher: kurze Geschichte der ichthyologischen Illustrationen; Bibliographie fischkundlicher Abbildungswerke.

Stuttgart: Hempe, 1951.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Natural History, ZOOLOGY › History of Zoology, ZOOLOGY › Ichthyology
  • 7164

Der Arzneikunde der Kopten.

Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1951.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Egypt, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 7348

The study of instinct.

Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1951.

Foundation of ethology, the scientific study of animal behavior. "It was based on a series of six lectures at Columbia University in 1947 and presented a general model of animal behavior. Basically, it was about methodology, about behavior as an outcome of conflicting 'drives,' about the hierarchical organization of behavior as a hierarchy of nervous centers, and about communication between animals" (Larry W. Swanson). 



Subjects: BIOLOGY, NEUROLOGY
  • 8202

Genesis and geology: A study in the relations of scientific thought, natural theology, and social opinion in Great Britain, 1790-1850.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1951.

New edition, with a foreward by Nicolaas A. Rupke and a new preface by the author (1996).



Subjects: EVOLUTION › History of Evolutionary Thought, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences, Social or Sociopolitical Histories of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 8479

El arte de las mutilaciones dentarias.

Mexico: Ediciones Mexicanas, 1951.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Mexico, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine, Pre-Columbian Medicine, History of
  • 9093

A translation of Galen's Hygiene (De santiate tuenda) by Robert Montraville Green, with an introduction by Henry E. Sigerist.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1951.

First translation into a modern language.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Roman Empire, PUBLIC HEALTH
  • 9266

The cost of sickness and the price of health. WHO Monograph Series 7.

Geneva: World Health Organization, 1951.

Digital facsimile from WHO.int at this link.



Subjects: ECONOMICS, BIOMEDICAL, Global Health
  • 9732

Reality and dream: Psychotherapy of a plains Indian.

New York: International Universities Press, 1951.


Subjects: ANTHROPOLOGY › Cultural Anthropology, ANTHROPOLOGY › Psychological Anthropology, PSYCHIATRY
  • 10293

Doctors under three flags.

Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1951.

Covers the history of medicine in Detroit and Michigan between 1701 and 1837 when Michigan became a state. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American Midwest, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Michigan, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 10616

Inherit the wind.

New York: Random House, 1951.

This play about the Scopes Trial that concerned creationism versus evolution was the subject of numerous film adaptations including the most famous one first screened in 1960 starring Spencer Tracy and Fredric March.



Subjects: EVOLUTION, LAW and Medicine & the Life Sciences, LITERATURE / Philosophy & Medicine & Biology › Drama, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 11699

Tobacco and the cardiovascular system: The effects of smoking and of nicotine on normal persons.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1951.


Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Botanic Sources of Single Component Drugs › Tobacco, TOXICOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY › Drug Addiction
  • 12203

Caelius Aurelianus Gynaecia, Fragments of a Latin version of Soranus' Gynaecia from a thirteenth century manuscript. Edited by Miriam Drabkin and Israel Drabkin.

Bull. Hist. Med. Suppl. 13, 1-136, 1951.

Edition and translation of a surviving fragment of Caelius Aurelianus's text that did not survive in its entirely. The fragment, preserved in the New York Academy of Medicine, fuses the text of Muscio with that of Caelius.



Subjects: MEDIEVAL MEDICINE , OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › GYNECOLOGY
  • 12229

Development of a pump-oxygenator to replace the heart and lungs: An apparatus applicable to human patients, and application to one case.

Annals of Surgery, 134, 709-721, 1951.

Dennis and colleagues performed the first human cardiac operation with total heart-lung bypass. The patient was a 6-year old girl with a huge atrial septal defect. Though she did not survive, this report encouraged others to attempt open-heart surgery using various oxygenators, including modifications of the Gibbon pump oxygenator. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Congenital Heart Defects
  • 12238

Hydraulic formula for calculation of the area of the stenotic mitral valve; other cardiac valves, and central circulatory shunts.

American Heart Journal, 41, 1-29, 1951.

In collaboration with his father, S. G. Gorlin, a mechanical engineer who designed hydraulic systems for gasoline engines at the beginning of the century, Richard Gorlin developed a formula to calculate the area of stenotic cardiac valves and congenital heart chamber defects. The “Gorlin formula,” still considered the “gold standard” for diagnosis of critical heart valve obstruction, was crucial to the evolution of cardiac surgery because it allowed proper case selection and contributed greatly to the design of artificial valves.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Heart Valve Disease, CARDIOLOGY › Congenital Heart Defects, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 12402

The ancient art of feeling the pulse.

Br. Heart J., 13, 423-437, 1951.

Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE, CARDIOLOGY › History of Cardiology
  • 13175

The social system.

Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1951.

The first treatise on sociological theory that included an analysis of the function of medicine in society.



Subjects: Sociology, Medical
  • 13182

Bibliografia delle opere di Lazzaro Spallanzani delle traduzioni e degli scritti su di lui. By Dino Prandi.

Florence: Sansoni, 1951.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Individual Authors, BIOLOGY › History of Biology
  • 13298

The pleated sheet, a new layer configuration of polypeptide chains.

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA), 37, 251-256, 1951.

Pauling and Corey discovered the β-sheet, a principal structural feature of proteins. Digital facsimile from PNAS.org at this link



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure
  • 13558

Space medicine: The human factor in flights beyond the earth. Edited by John P. Marbarger.

Urbana-Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1951.

Includes chapters by Maj. Gen. Harry G. Armstrong, Wernher von Braun, Hubertus Strughold, Heinz Haber and others.



Subjects: AVIATION Medicine › Aerospace Medicine
  • 13595

The technique of free skin grafting in mammals.

J. Exp. Biol., 28, 385-402, 1951.

This "paper facilitated the later discovery of `actively acquired tolerance' and the definition of the principal laws of transplantation tolerance. Thus, it was in a series of classic experiments (stemming from this J. Exp. Biol. paper) that the field of transplantation biology was born....
This "paper is a self-contained manual for distinct forms of skin transplants in a variety of laboratory animals. There are very detailed discussions and illustrations concerning the anatomy of the mammalian integument. Importantly, the paper also provides unique information on regional variation of skin within a given animal and on the process of transplant survival or rejection. Specific discussions focus on principles of wound healing post-transplantation and on Billingham and Medawar's formative thoughts on transplantation immunity. The paper is most useful in discussing frankly the pros and cons of skin grafting as a laboratory procedure. There is considerable discussion of the pitfalls encountered in skin grafting, e.g. pigmentation and hair growth, but also the advantages, e.g. accessibility and availability for biopsy" (Santa Jeremy Ono, "The birth of transplantation immunology: The Billingham-Medawar Experiments at Birmingham University and University College London" (J. Exp. Biol, 207 (2004) 4013-4014). Digital facsimile of the 1951 paper from cob.silverchair-cdn.com at this link.

In 1960 Medawar shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Burnet for "the discovery of acquired immunological tolerance."  See also Nos. 2578.4, 2578.11, 2578.12, and 2578.24.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , TRANSPLANTATION, TRANSPLANTATION › Skin Grafting
  • 13723

Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.

J. biol. Chem. , 193, 265-275, 1951.

The Lowry protein assay, a biochemical assay for determining the total level of protein in a solution.  As of 2015 this paper was considered the most highly-cited paper in the scientific literature with over 310,000 citations. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY
  • 13937

Conditions de l'efficacité inductice du rayonnement ultra-violet chez une bactérie lysogène.

Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 81, 370-389, 1951.

Lwoff successfully explained how the process of lysogeny works. The bacteriophage’s genes are incorporated into the bacteria’s genetic material, but remain latent until a trigger factor causes a new phage to be formed. Lwoff also showed that ultraviolet light can be a trigger factor. See also Lwoff's "Lysogeny," Bacteriological Reviews, 17 (1953) 269-337. Digital facsimile of Lysogeny from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY › Lysogeny
  • 566.3

Some local factors in the restoration of the rat’s liver after partial hepatectomy. 1. Glycogin; the Golgi apparatus; sinusoidal cells; the basement membranes of the sinusoids.

Arch. Path. (Chicago), 53, 197-208, 1952.

First detailed account of lysosomes.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Cell Biology
  • 366

Leonardo da Vinci on the human body. The anatomical, physiological, and embryological drawings of Leonardo da Vinci. With translations, emendations, and biographical introduction by Charles D. O'Malley and J. B. de C. M. Saunders.

New York: Henry Schuman, 1952.

Includes 215 plates.



Subjects: ANATOMY, ANATOMY › 16th Century, ANATOMY › Anatomical Illustration, ART & Medicine & Biology, EMBRYOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, Renaissance Medicine
  • 859.1

Some physiologic aspects of the artificial heart problem.

J. thorac. Surg., 24, 134-50, 1952.

 On July 3, 1952 Dodrill completed the first successful open heart surgery on the left ventricle of Henry Opitek. He used a machine developed by himself and researchers at General Motors, the Dodrill-GMR, considered to be the first operational mechanical heart used while performing open heart surgery.  With E. Hill and R. Gerisch. This paper, which was published in August, 1952, was Dodrill's first report on the operation. In October the team published a second report with a more precisely worded title: "Temporary mechanical substitute for the left ventricle in man," J. Am med. Assoc., 150 (1952) 642-644.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Cardiothoracic Prostheses
  • 4672

Evaluation of Red Cross gamma globulin as a prophylactic agent for poliomyelitis.

J. Amer. med. Assoc., 150, 739-60, 1952.

Trial of gamma globulin in the prophylaxis of poliomyelitis. With L. L. Coriell, J. Stokes, P. F. Wehrle, and C. R. Klimt.



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis
  • 4672.1

Immune responses in human volunteers upon oral administration of a rodent-adapted strain of poliomyelitis virus.

Amer. J. Hyg., 55, 108-26, 1952.

Successful immunization against poliomyelitis with a living attenuated virus vaccine. With G. A. Jervis and T. W. Norton.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, IMMUNOLOGY › Vaccines, NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Picornaviridae › Poliovirus
  • 2180
GREAT BRITAIN

History of the Second World War. Medical series. 13 vols.

London: H. M. Stationery Office, 19521962.


Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 2180.1
UNITED STATES ARMY MEDICAL SERVICE

The Medical Department of the United States Army in World War II. 30 vols. in 33.

Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, 19521968.

Since 1968 this series of unnumbered volumes or multi-volume sets devoted to particular subjects has continued under the name of U.S. Army Medical Department



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 2187.1

Doctors in blue. The medical history of the Union Army in the [United States] civil war.

New York: Henry Schuman, 1952.


Subjects: American (U.S.) CIVIL WAR MEDICINE › History of U.S. Civil War Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine
  • 1155.1

Isolation of a highly active mineralocorticoid from beef adrenal extract.

Nature (Lond.), 169, 795-96, 1952.

Isolation of aldosterone. With S. A. Simpson and J. F. Tait.



Subjects: Ductless Glands: Internal Secretion › Adrenals
  • 1155.2

The total synthesis of steroids.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 74, 4223-51, 1952.

Synthesis of cortisone by Woodward and colleagues. With F. D. Taub, K. Heusler, and W. M. McLamore.



Subjects: Ductless Glands: Internal Secretion › Adrenals
  • 1354.2

Different forms of signalling employed by the nervous system.

., London: H. K. Lewis, 1952.

In 1970 Katz shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Ulf von Euler and J. Axelrod "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation."

See also Katz, The release of neural transmitter substances, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1969.



Subjects: NEUROSCIENCE › NERVOUS SYSTEM › Chemical Mediation of Nervous Impulses, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , Neurophysiology
  • 1671.1

The advance to social medicine.

London: Staples Press, 1952.

Originally published in French, 1948.



Subjects: PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health, SOCIAL MEDICINE
  • 2068

Plants of the Bible.

Waltham, MA: Chronica Botanica Co, 1952.

The most comprehensive treatise available on plants and plant products mentioned in the Bible.



Subjects: BOTANY › History of Botany, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 1685

Man and epidemics.

Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1952.


Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • 1931

Reserpin, der sedative Wirkstoff aus Rauwolfia serpentina Benth.

Experientia (Basel), 8, 338, 1952.

Isolation of reserpine. With E. Schlittler and H. J. Bein.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Botanic Sources of Single Component Drugs › Rauvolfia serpentina › Reserpine, PSYCHIATRY › Psychopharmacology
  • 1946

“Ilotycin”, a new antibiotic.

Antibiot. and Chemother., 2, 281-83, 1952.

Discovery of erythromycin. With R. L. Bunch, R. C. Anderson, H. E. Boaz, E. H. Flynn, H. M. Powell, and J. W. Smith.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2353

Chemotherapy of human tuberculosis with hydrazine derivatives of isonicotinic acid. (Preliminary report of representative cases.)

Quart. Bull. Sea View Hosp., 13, 27-51, 1952.

Introduction of isoniazid. With I. J. Selikoff and G. G. Omstein. See also Amer. Rev. Tuberc., 1952, 65, 257-442.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Tuberculosis, PHARMACOLOGY › Chemotherapy, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antitubercular Drugs
  • 3047.3

The use of tubes constructed from Vinyon “N” cloth in bridging arterial defects.

Ann. Surg., 135, 332-6, 1952.

Introduction of plastic material to repair arterial defects. Voorhees later abandoned this material in favour of Dacron. With A. Jaretzki and A. W. Blakemore.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arterial Disease, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Cardiothoracic Prostheses
  • 2680.1

Ultrasonic visualization of soft-tissue structures of the body.

J. Lab. clin. Med., 40, 579-92, 1952.

First tomogram of soft tissue.



Subjects: IMAGING › Sonography (Ultrasound), INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES
  • 3108.1

Christmas disease, a condition previously mistaken for haemophilia.

Brit. med. J., 2, 1378-82, 1952.

Christmas disease, hemophilia B, due to lack of Factor IX. Named after the patient whose case was the first recorded example. With six co-authors.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Blood Disorders › Hemophilia, HEMATOLOGY › Blood Disorders, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 3108.2

Studies on condensed pyrimidine system. IX. The synthesis of some 6-substituted purines.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 74, 411-14, 1952.

Synthesis of 6-mercaptopurine. 

In 1988 Gertrude Elion shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with George Hitchings and Sir James Black “for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.”



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 2578.9

Agammaglobulinemia.

Pediatrics, 9, 722-27, 1952.

First report.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Inherited Immune Disorders, GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Inherited Immune Disorders › Agammaglobulinemia, IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2578.10

Presence d’une leuco-agglutinine dans le sérum d’un cas d’agranulocytose chronique.

C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris), 146, 1539-41, 1952.

Discovery of leuco-agglutinins.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2883

Resuscitation of the heart in ventricular standstill by external electric stimulation.

New Engl. J. Med., 247, 768-71, 1952.

External cardiac pacemaker. "The medical world took notice when Zoll announced in 1952 that he had successfully kept a patient alive through numerous episodes of ventricular standstill using a bedside device that delivered electrical pulses to the heart." (Jeffrey, Machines in our hearts (2001) 37).
"There are two kinds of cardiac rhythm disturbances in patients who have cardiac arrest - the rhythm disturbance of a heart in standstill; and the rhythm disturbance of a 'fibrillating' heart, which are the commonest causes of death in acute heart attacks. The effective techniques that now help to control these disturbances are the pioneering contributions of Dr. Paul M. Zoll. Dr. Zoll demonstrated for the first time in 1952, that when a human heart stops, it can be induced, by externally applied electric stimulation, to resume beating. Dr. Zoll's later studies showed that externally applied alternating current countershocks are similarly effective in stopping ventricular fibrillation." Mary Lasker and Michael DeBakey, in "Citations" (quoted by W. Bruce Fye).



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias, CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias › Pacemakers, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Pacemakers
  • 2700.1

Lymphangiography in man. A method of outlining lymphatic trunks at operation.

Clin. Sci., 11, 13-20, 1952.

Introduction of lymphangiography.



Subjects: RADIOLOGY
  • 3705

Old instruments used for extracting teeth.

London: Staples Press, 1952.


Subjects: DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › History of Biomedical Instrumentation
  • 4962.3

Trente-huit cas de psychoses traitées par la cure prolongée et continue de 4560 R. P. C. R. Congr. Alien, et Neurol, de Langue Franç.

Paris: Masson & Cie, 1952.

Introduction of chlorpromazine in the treatment of psychosis. Chlorpromazine was later marketed in the United States as Thorazine.



Subjects: PSYCHIATRY › Psychopharmacology › Chlorpromazine
  • 5018

The history and development of neurological surgery.

New York: Paul B. Hoeber, 1952.


Subjects: NEUROSURGERY › History of Neurosurgery
  • 6235

A saliva test for prenatal sex determination.

Science, 115, 265, 1952.


Subjects: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS
  • 6471.1

The old Egyptian medical papyri.

Lawrence, KA: University of Kansas Press, 1952.

A guide to the chief medical papyri, with particular attention to therapeutics.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Medical Papyri › History of Medical Papyri, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Egypt
  • 6500

Jewish medicine.

Boston, MA: Medico-Historical Press, 1952.


Subjects: Jews and Medicine › History of Jews and Medicine
  • 6546

Anglo-Saxon magic and medicine: Illustrated specially from the semi-pagan text "Lacnunga,"

London: Oxford University Press, 1952.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › England (United Kingdom), MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › England › Anglo-Saxon Medicine, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › History of Medieval Medicine, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences, TRADITIONAL, Folk or Indigenous Medicine
  • 6449

Horus. A guide to the history of science. A first guide for the study of the history of science. With introductory essays on science and tradition.

Waltham, MA: Chronica Botanica Co, 1952.

Contains extensive bibliographies.



Subjects: History of Medicine: General Works
  • 256

Independent functions of viral protein and nucleic acid in growth of bacteriophage.

J. gen. Physiol., 36, 39-56, 1952.

DNA shown to be the carrier of genetic information in virus reproduction.

In 1969 Hershey shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with S. E. Luria and M. Delbrück for "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses."



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , VIROLOGY, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 256.1

Genetic exchange in Salmonella.

J. Bact., 64, 679-99, 1952.

Description of a new mechanism (“transduction”) for the transfer of genetic characters from one bacterial strain to another.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY › BACTERIA (mostly pathogenic; sometimes indexed only to genus) › Gram-Negative Bacteria › Salmonella, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
  • 6882

Entwicklungsgeschichte physiologischer Probleme in Tabellenform.

Munich: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1952.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY , PHYSIOLOGY › History of Physiology
  • 7175

Physics and medicine of the upper atmosphere. A study of the aeropause, edited by Clayton S. White and Otis O. Benson, Jr. Foreward by Harry G. Armstrong.

Albuquerque, NM: The University of New Mexico Press, 1952.

Proceedings of the first symposium on high altitude physics and medicine sponsored in the U.S. after World War II, summarizing research done in the nascent U.S. space program based on the V2 rocket, the WAC Corporal rocket and the Viking rocket, up to November, 1951.  Among the contributors were Fritz Haber, Heinz Haber, Herman J. Muller, Victor Regener, Hubertus Strughold, James A. van Allen, Wernher von Braun, and Fred Lawrence Whipple. All chapters included thorough bibliographies.



Subjects: AVIATION Medicine › Aerospace Medicine, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › New Mexico
  • 7469

The planets: Their origin and development.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1952.

Urey coined the term cosmochemistry. He speculated that the early terrestrial atmosphere was probably composed of ammonia, methane, and hydrogen. One of his graduate students, Stanley Miller, showed in the Miller–Urey experiment  (No. 7383) that, if such a mixture is exposed to electric sparks and to water, it can interact to produce amino acids. 



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Astrobiology / Exobiology / Abiogenesis
  • 7764

Incidence of leukemia in survivors of the atom bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

American Journal of Medicine, 13, 311-321, 1952.

Leukemia was the first cancer to be linked with radiation exposure in atomic bomb survivors.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Japan, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Leukemia, TOXICOLOGY › Radiation Exposure
  • 7864

Zika virus (I). Isolations and serological specificity.

Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 46, 509-520, 1952.

First description of Zika virus, an arbovirus native to Africa. The authors named the virus after the Zika forest in Uganda, where they were searching for Yellow Fever. Instead they isolated a new virus in samples taken from a captive sentinel Rhesus monkey. The authors were slow to publish their work; they first isolated the virus in 1947 and again in 1948.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Uganda, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Zika Virus Disease, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Flaviviridae › Zika Virus
  • 7898

CUADERNOS DE HISTORIA DE LA SALUD PÚBLICA. 1-

Havana, 1952.

Recent issues may be viewed at http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/his/indice.html



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Cuba, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine, Periodicals Specializing in the History of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 9033

World-atlas of epidemic diseases. Welt-Seuchen-Atlas: Weltatlas der Seuchenverbreitung und Seuchenbeweng. In collaboration with Richard-Ernst Bader ... [et al.]. Edited by Ernst Rodenwaldt; assistant scientific editors: Ludwig Bachmann, Helmut J. Jusatz. Organization, Heinz Dörrfuss. Cartography, Konrad Voppel, in cooperation with Fritz Hölzel and Henry Petersen. Sponsorship, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Dept., Washington, D.C. 3 vols.

Washington, DC: Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department & Hamburg: Falk-Verlag, 19521961.

In English and German.



Subjects: Bioclimatology, Cartography, Medical & Biological, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Geography of Disease / Health Geography
  • 9357

A brief history of entomology including time of Demosthenes and Aristotle to modern times with over five hundred portraits.

Columbus, OH: The Spahr & Glenn Company, 1952.


Subjects: ZOOLOGY › Arthropoda › Entomology
  • 9719

Replica plating and indirect selection of bacterial mutants.

Journal of Bacteriology, 63, 399-406, 1952.

Demonstration of the mutational basis of antibiotic resistance. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY › Drug Resistance, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 9738

Psychoanalytic explorations in art.

New York: International Universities Press, 1952.

Kris trained as an art historian before becoming a psychoanalyst.



Subjects: ART & Medicine & Biology, Psychoanalysis
  • 10042

Care of the dying.

J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 150, 86-91., 1952.


Subjects: DEATH & DYING › Palliative Care
  • 10851

Religious dances in the Christian church and in popular medicine. Translated from the Swedish by E. Classen.

London: George Allen & Unwin, 1952.


Subjects: RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences, TRADITIONAL, Folk or Indigenous Medicine
  • 10939

Zika virus. (II). Pathogenicity and physical properties.

Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 46, 521-534, 1952.

Dick's second paper on the Zika virus, immediately following his first paper in the same volume of the same journal (see no. 7864). First statement that the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the vector of transmission of the Zika virus. The author trapped the mosquitos on a tree platform in the area of the Zika forest where the viral infections occurred, and traced the virus to the mosquitos.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Uganda, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Zika Virus Disease, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Flaviviridae › Zika Virus
  • 10940

Neutralizing antibodies against certain recently isolated viruses in the sera of human beings residing in East Africa.

J. Immunol., 69, 223-234, 1952.

First report of human illness caused by Zika virus, detected in Uganda and Tanzania. 38 patients had neutralizing antibodies to Zika virus in their blood serum, proving that they had been infected by the virus.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Tanzania, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Uganda, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Zika Virus Disease, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Flaviviridae › Zika Virus
  • 11103

Studies on the cultivation of poliomyelitis viruses in tissue culture.

J. Immunol., 69, 645-671, 1952.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Weller, Enders, Robbins. In this paper the authors describe their improved method for culturing poliomyelitis viruses in "normal kidney tissue." 

Followed by Robbins, Weller, Enders, "Studies on the cultivation of poliomyelitis viruses in tissue culture II. The propagation of the poliomyelitis viruses in roller-tube cultures of various human tissues", J. Immunol., 69, 1952, 673-691. 

Publication of these techniques was instrumental in allowing Jonas Salk to develop the first polio vaccine.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for these references and their interpretation.)



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Neuroinfectious Diseases › Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis), NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Picornaviridae › Poliovirus
  • 11439

Catalogue of the library of Thomas Jefferson. Compiled with annotations by E. Millicent Sowerby. 5 vols.

Washington, DC: U.S. Library of Congress, 19521959.

This fully annotated catalogue of nearly 5000 items from the library of the U.S. President, while unillustrated, is perhaps the finest and most detailed annotated bibliographical catalogue of the library of any scientist. It appears to be exhaustive in all details regarding each work in Jefferson's library. Sowerby was hired in 1942 by the Library of Congress to prepare a fully annotated catalogue of the books that Jefferson sold to the U.S. government in 1815. Because of the complexity of the task the first volume did not appear until 1952. Prior to the Jefferson project Sowerby had an extensive career as a rare book cataloguer:

After graduating from Girton College, Cambridge, Sowerby worked in London as a cataloger for rare book dealer Wilfrid Michael Voynich, and then briefly as a librarian at Birkbeck College before serving as a counterintelligence agent in Paris during World War IUpon her return to England in 1916, Sowerby worked as a cataloger at Sotheby's, the first woman in the 'expert' workforce of an auction house. She moved to the United States in 1923, finding employment as a cataloger with the American Art Association and then at the New York Public Library (until January 1925).In March 1925, she became a bibliographer for A. S. W. Rosenbach in Philadelphia and New York City where she was employed until February 1942.

Reprinted by the University of Virginia Press with a new Foreward, 1983.

 



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Physicians' / Scientists' Libraries, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 12032

A nonhereditary, host-induced variation of bacterial viruses.

J. Bacteriol., 64, 557-569, 1952.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Luria, Human. Luria and Human discovered the restriction modification system found in bacteria and other prokaryotic organisms. This system provides a defense against foreign DNA such as that carried by bacteriophages. They found that bacteriophage growing within an infected bacterium could be modified, so that upon their release and re-infection of a related bacterium the bacteriophage’s growth is restricted (inhibited). 

"It was found that, for a bacteriophage λ that can grow well in one strain of Escherichia coli, for example E. coli C, when grown in another strain, for example E. coli K, its yields can drop significantly, by as much as 3-5 orders of magnitude. The host cell, in this example E. coli K, is known as the restricting host and appears to have the ability to reduce the biological activity of the phage λ. If a phage becomes established in one strain, the ability of that phage to grow also becomes restricted in other strains" (Wikipedia article on Restriction enzyme, accessed 3-2020). 

Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Restriction Enzyme or Restriction Endonuclease, IMMUNOLOGY, VIROLOGY › Bacteriophage
  • 12209

The pathology, symptomatology and diagnosis of certain common disorders of the vestibular system.

Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 45, 341-354, 1952.
Dix–Hallpike test or Nylen–Barany test, a diagnostic maneuver used to identify benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.


Subjects: OTOLOGY › Vestibular System › Vertigo, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 12615

The clinical application of antibiotics. Penicillin.

London & New York: Oxford University Press, 1952.

Printed on the title page: "This volume, although a separate publication, is a continuation of the work described in Antibiotics Volumes I and II, and may be read in conjunction with it."
(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference.)



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics › Penicillin
  • 13047

Diagnostic and statistical manual: Mental disorders with special supplement on plans for revision.

Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1952.

The first edition was known as DSM-1; DSM-5 was published in 2013.



Subjects: Nosology, PSYCHIATRY
  • 13155

Avicenna's psychology: An English translation of Kitāb Al-najāt, Book II, Chapter VI, with historico-philosophical notes and textual improvements on the Cairo edition. By F. Rahman.

London: Oxford University Press, 1952.


Subjects: MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Persian Islamic Medicine, PSYCHOLOGY
  • 13306

Magicians, theologians and doctors: Studies in folk-medicine and folk-lore as reflected in the rabbinical Responsa (12th-19th centuries).

London: Goldston, 1952.


Subjects: ALTERNATIVE, Complimentary & Pseudomedicine › Folk Medicine, Jews and Medicine › History of Jews and Medicine, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Jewish Medicine
  • 13441

The superb library of Bernhard W. Weinberger, D.D.S., on the history and folklore of dentistry. With a preface by Curt Proskaur.

New York: Old Hickory Bookshop, 1952.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Physicians' / Scientists' Libraries, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry
  • 13527

Hypnodontics: Hypnosis in dentistry.

Brooklyn, NY: Dental Items of Interest Publishing Co., 1952.

"Accepted by the American Dental Association."



Subjects: ANESTHESIA › Hypnosis (Mesmerism), DENTISTRY, Hypnosis
  • 13938

Rôle des cations bivalents dans l'induction du développement du prophage par les agents reducteurs.

C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 234, 366-368, 1952.
Lwoff  gave the name "prophage" to the form in which the genome of the bacteriophage is perpetuated in lysogenic bacteria. The bacteriophages produced by these bacteria, known as temperate bacteriophages, can therefore follow one of two pathways when they infect sensitive bacteria. Either, like virulent bacteriophages, they multiply in the bacteria which lyse releasing infectious bacteriophages, or their genome is incorporated into the bacteria that they perpetuate in non-infectious form, the prophage.

In 1965 Lwoff shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with François Jacob and Jacques Monod "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis."


Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY › Lysogeny, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 13941

Mammalian chromosomes in vitro I: The karyotype of man.

J. Hered., 43, 167-172, 1952.

Since the turn of the twentieth century, chromosomes prepared on microscope slides formed clumps that made it extremely difficult to distinguish them. Although the preparations made the identification of individual chromosomes difficult, by the 1920s cytologists consistently reported a diploid number of 48 human chromosomes. In April 1952, Hsu discovered a technique—the hypotonic solution—that separated the clumped chromosomes, allowing him to observe each one individually. Even though he now could distinguish human chromosomes to a much greater degree than his predecessors, Hsu still reported a diploid number of 48 human chromosomes (see Figure 14 in his 1952 paper). The correct diploid chromosome number of 46 human chromosomes was first reported three years later by Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan.

See Hsu, T. C. Human and mammalian cytogenetics: An historical perspective (1979). See also Kottler, Malcolm Jay, "From 48 to 46: Cytological technique, preconception, and the counting of human chromosomes," Bull. Hist. Med., 48 (1974) 465-502.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Cell Biology, GENETICS / HEREDITY
  • 13970

Genetic exchange in salmonella.

J. Bacteriol., 64, 679-699, 1952.

Working as a graduate student with Lederberg, Zinder discovered that a bacteriophage can carry genes from one bacterium to another. Initial experiments were carried out using Salmonella. Zinder and Lederberg named this process of genetic exchange transduction. Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector. It is a common tool used by molecular biologists to stably introduce a foreign gene into a host cell's genome. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
  • 13983

Recombination in Bact. coli K 12: Unidirectional transfer of genetic material.

Nature, 169, 118-119, 1952.

Hayes "developed the concept of a donor–recipient partnership with uni-directional transfer of genetic material. The importance of this discovery was quickly emphasised and widely recognised when he found that only a part of the genetic material was transferred from the donor strain (male) to the recipient" (Wikipedia article William Hayes, accessed 7-22).



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY
  • 13998

The structure of synthetic polypeptides. 1. The transform of atoms on a helix.

Acta Cryst., 5, 581-586, 1952.

This paper gives the formulae for the Fourier transforms of a number of helical structures, and provides evidence that the structure of a synthetic polypeptide was based on the alpha helix of Pauling and Corey. "It was, I believe, the first fairly conclusive experimental evidence for the existence of a helical structure at the molecular level.... The value of this work, seen in retrospect, is that it was a first step on the road to the discovery of the structure of DNA by Jim Watson and Crick" (Cochran, "This week's citation classic," Current Contents, May 18, 1987, 16).



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › X-Ray Crystallography
  • 13999

Production of plaques in monolayer tissue cultures by single particles of an animal virus.

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA), 38, 747-752, 1952.

Following Max Delbruck's advice, Dulbecco visited the major centers of animal virus work in the US in order to discover a way to quantitatively assay animal viruses by a plaque technique, similar to the technique that had recently been developed for bacterial viruses (bacteriophages). Within less than a year Dulbecco worked out such a method for Western equine encephalitis virus, which then opened up animal virology to quantitative work. The technique was then used by Dulbecco and Vogt to study the biological properties of poliovirus. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: VIROLOGY
  • 14100

Tissue culture studies of the proliferative capacity of cervical carcinoma and normal epithelium.

Cancer Research, 12, 264-265, 1952.

A cell biologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Gey propagated the HeLa cell line from Henrietta Lacks' cervical tumor. This cell line, which maintained a continuous growth phase, was the first immortal human cell line to be grown in culture. HeLa cells became the basis for countless significant scientific discoveries. When Gey and his lab assistant Kubicek published this brief report the cause of HeLa's "immortality" was not understood. 

Lacks was a 31-year-old African-American mother of five who died of cancer on October 4, 1951. Because Gey propagated the cell line from Lacks' tumor without her knowledge or consent, as was common in the U.S. at the time, the story may be viewed as an example of medical injustice to a black person. See Rebecca Skloot, The immortal life of Henrietta Lacks (2010). 

Order of authorship in the original publication: Gey, Coffman, Kubicek.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Cell Biology, BLACK PEOPLE & MEDICINE & BIOLOGY, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Carcinoma
  • 567.1

A bibliography of the research in tissue culture 1884-1950. An index to the literature of the living cell cultivated in vitro.

New York: Academic Press, 1953.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, BIOLOGY › Cell Biology, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 4615.3

The parietal lobes.

London: Edward Arnold, 1953.

Defines for the first time the various functions of the parietal lobes.



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Diseases of the Nervous System, NEUROSCIENCE › Neurophysiology
  • 4672.2

Studies in human subjects on active immunization against poliomyelitis. 1. A preliminary report of experiments in progress.

J. Amer. med. Assoc., 151, 1081-98, 1953.

Killed-virus vaccine. With four co-authors.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, IMMUNOLOGY › Vaccines, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Neuroinfectious Diseases › Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis), NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Picornaviridae › Poliovirus
  • 1138.1

3:5:3'-Triiodothyronine. I. Isolation from thyroid gland and synthesis.

Biochem. J., 53, 645-50, 1953.

Discovery of the second thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: Ductless Glands: Internal Secretion › Thyroid, Parathyroids, ENDOCRINOLOGY › Thyroid , WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 86.1

Sämtliche Werke. 6 vols. in 10.

Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 19531956.


Subjects: Collected Works: Opera Omnia, PHYSIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY
  • 1175.3

The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the hormonal activity of oxytocin.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 75, 4879-80, 1953.

Synthesis of oxytocin. With C. Ressler, J. M. Swan, C. W. Roberts, P. G. Katsoyannis, and S. Gordon.

In 1955 Vigneaud was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone."  

See also No. 1175.4.



Subjects: Ductless Glands: Internal Secretion › Pituitary, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Chemistry (selected)
  • 1931.1

Propriétés pharmacodynamiques du chlorhydrate de chloro-3 (diméthylamino-3’propyl) -10 phénothiazine (4.560 R.P.).

Arch. int. Pharmacodyn., 92, 305-61, 1953.

Chlorpromazine. With J. Foumel, R. Ducrot, M. Kolsky, and P. Koetschet. Chloropromazine was later marketed in the United States as Thorazine.



Subjects: PSYCHIATRY › Psychopharmacology › Chlorpromazine
  • 1931.2

The effects of progesterone and related compounds on ovulation and early development in the rabbit.

Acta physiol, latinoamer., 3, 177-83, 1953.

First practical demonstration of an oral contraceptive.



Subjects: Contraception , PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Oral Contraceptives
  • 2660.4

Aryl-2-halogenoalkylamines. Part XII. Some carboxylic derivatives of NN-Di 2-chloroethylaniline.

J. chem. Soc. 2386-92, 1953.

Chlorambucil (a nitrogen mustard) used in the chemotherapy of cancer. With J. R. Roberts and W. J. C. Ross.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Chemotherapy for Cancer
  • 2660.5

Clinical studies on the carcinolytic action of triethylenephosphoramide.

Cancer, 6, 135-41, 1953.

TEPA. With five co-authors.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER
  • 2660.6

The concentration of oxygen dissolved in tissues at the time of irradiation as a factor in radiotherapy.

Brit. J. Radiol., 26, 638-48, 1953.

The sensitivity of tumour cells to x rays shown to be much enhanced when irradiated in a well-oxygenated medium. With A. D. Conger, M. Ebert, S. Hornsey, and O. C. A. Scott.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Radiation (Radiotherapy)
  • 3047.4

Successful resection of aneurysm of thoracic aorta and replacement by graft.

J. amer. med. Assoc., 152, 673-76, 1953.


Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Aortic Diseases, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 2526.2

Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture.

Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. (N. Y), 84, 570-73, 1953.

Discovery of adenoviruses. With R. J. Huebner, L. K. Gilmore, R. H. Parrott, and T. G. Ward.



Subjects: PATHOLOGY, VIROLOGY
  • 3108.3

Clinical evaluation of a new antimetabolite, 6-mercaptopurine, in treatment of leukemia and allied diseases.

Blood, 8, 965-99, 1953.

Clinical introduction of 6-mercaptopurine in treatment of acute leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia. With nine co-authors.



Subjects: HEMATOLOGY › Blood Disorders, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Leukemia
  • 3108.4

Myleran in chronic myeloid leukaemia: chemical constitution and biological action.

Lancet, 1, 207-08, 1953.

Introduction of myleran (busulphan). For results, see pp. 208-13.



Subjects: HEMATOLOGY › Blood Disorders
  • 3108.5

Treatment of leukemia with triethylenethiophosphoramide (Thio-TEPA); preliminary results in experimental and clinical leukemia.

Arch. int. Med., 92, 628-45, 1953.

With C. Zarafonetis, N. Smith, I. Woldow and D. C. H. Sun.



Subjects: HEMATOLOGY › Blood Disorders, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Leukemia
  • 2578.11

‘Actively acquired tolerance’ of foreign cells.

Nature (Lond.), 172, 603- 06, 1953.

Proof of Burnet and Fenner’s theory of immunity. For their discovery of acquired immunological tolerance Medawar and Burnet (No. 2578.7) shared the Nobel Prize in 1960.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization
  • 2578.13

Méthode permettant l’étude conjugée des propriétés éléctrophorétiques et immunochimiques d’un mélange de protéines. Application au sérum sanguin.

Biochem. biophys. Acta, 10, 193-94, 1953.

Immunoelectrophoresis.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization
  • 3215.3

Newborn virus pneumonitis (type Sendai). II. The isolation of a new virus possessing hemagglutinin activity.

Yokohama med. Bull., 4, 217-33, 1953.

M. Kuroya, N. Ishida, and T. Shiratori isolated the first recognized Sendai (para-influenza) virus.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Japan, RESPIRATION › Respiratory Diseases, VIROLOGY
  • 2924.2

Catheter replacement of the needle in percutaneous angiography. A new technique.

Acta radiol. (Stockh)., 39, 368-76, 1953.

Percutaneous arterial catheterization.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arterial Disease, IMAGING › X-ray › Angiography / Arteriography / Venography
  • 3908.1

Experience with hypophysectomy in man.

J. Neurosurg., 10, 301-16, 1953.

Demonstration of the beneficial effect of hypophysectomy in cancer of the breast and of the testis.



Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY › Pituitary, ONCOLOGY & CANCER
  • 3412.5

Mobilization of the stapes to restore hearing in otosclerosis.

New York St. J. Med., 53, 2650-53, 1953.

Transmeatal exposure of the middle ear.



Subjects: OTOLOGY › Otologic Surgery & Procedures
  • 4158

Classics in clinical dermatology. With biographical sketches.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1953.

Contains 143 classic descriptions of cutaneous diseases by 93 writers. Many portraits are also included.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › History of Dermatology
  • 5143

Conquest of plague. A study of the evolution of epidemiology.

Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953.


Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Flea-Borne Diseases › Plague (transmitted by fleas from rats to humans) › Plague, History of
  • 4435.4

Fundamental aspects of fracture treatment. [In Japanese]

J. Kyoto med. Soc, 4, 395-406, 1953.

First electrically-induced osteogenesis. Yasuda demonstrated that small amounts of electric current applied to bone stimulated osteogenesis at the cathode. He was also the first to describe stress generated potentials in bone. Abridged English translation in Clin. orthop., 1977, 124, 5-8.



Subjects: ORTHOPEDICS › Muskuloskeletal System › Physiology of Bone Formation, ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Surgery & Treatments › Fractures & Dislocations, PHYSIOLOGY › Electrophysiology
  • 5729.1

Anesthesia: XL. The anesthetic action of trifluoroethyl vinyl ether.

J. Pharmacol., 108, 488-95, 1953.

Fluroxene, first fluorine-containing anesthetic. With C. J. Carr, Go Lu and F. K. Bell.



Subjects: ANESTHESIA
  • 5440.1

Serial propagation in vitro of agents producing inclusion bodies derived from varicella and herpes zoster.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y. J.), 83, 340-46, 1953.

Isolation of the varicella-herpes virus.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › Specific Dermatoses › Herpes Zoster (Shingles), INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Chickenpox, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Herpes › Herpes Zoster (Shingles), VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Herpesviridae › Varicella zoster virus
  • 6623.01

The doctor and the devils.

London: Dent, 1953.

The great lyric poet’s screenplay based on the notorious career of Robert Knox, the anatomist who purchased bodies for dissection from the resurrectionists/murderers, Burke and Hare. This was the first screenplay that was published before the film was produced. More than 30 years after it was published the film was produced by Mel Brook's production company Brooksfilms and released in 1985. The film starred Timothy Dalton as Dr. Thomas Rock, a character based on Knox. The film was directed by Freddie Francis, using a script adapted by Sir Ronald Harwood from Dylan Thomas's screenplay.



Subjects: ANATOMY › History of Anatomy, Crimes / Frauds / Hoaxes, IMAGING › Cinematography, LITERATURE / Philosophy & Medicine & Biology › Drama
  • 6484

Observation et expérience chez les médecins de la Collection Hippocratique.

Paris: J. Vrin, 1953.


Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece › History of Ancient Medicine in Greece
  • 6495.5

Die tibetische Medizinphilosophie. Der Mensch als Mikrokosmos.

Zürich: Origo, 1953.

2nd edition, 1965.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Tibet
  • 6501

The Bible and modern medicine: A survey of health and healing in the Old and New Testaments.

London: Paternoster Press, 1953.


Subjects: RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 6560.1

Az újabbkori magyar orvosi müvelödés és egészégügy története. I Kötet.

Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1953.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Hungary
  • 6357.59

The surgery of infancy and childhood.

Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1953.

Gross developed the specialty of pediatric surgery, inventing numerous operations. This was the first modern comprehensive textbook on the subject.



Subjects: Pediatric Surgery
  • 6450

A history of science. Vols. 1-2. (All published.)

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 19531959.

1. Ancient science through the golden age of Greece. 2. Hellenistic science and culture in the last three centuries B.C.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Hellenistic, ANCIENT MEDICINE › History of Ancient Medicine & Biology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Greece
  • 6451

Index zur Geschichte der Medizin. Vols. 1-2.

Munich: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 19531966.

Vol. 1 contains over 10,000 and vol. 2 over 7,000 references to books and papers. Vol. 1 edited by W. Artelt, vol. 2 edited by J. Steudel. Covers the years 1945-48 and 1949-52.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY , History of Medicine: General Works
  • 6603

Historiografia de la medicina colonial hispanoamericana.

México: Abastecedora de Impresos, 1953.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Latin America, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Mexico, Historiography of Medicine & the Life Sciences , Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 6604.39

A short history of medicine in the Philippines during the Spanish regime.1565-1898.

Manila, Philippines: Colegio Médico-Famacéutico de Filipinas, 1953.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Philippines
  • 256.2

The detection of chromosomal sex in hermaphrodites from a skin biopsy.

Surg. Gynec. Obstet., 96, 641-48, 1953.

Sex chromatin demonstrated in humans. 



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Reproduction, GENETICS / HEREDITY, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 256.3

Molecular structure of nucleic acids. A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid.

Nature, 171, 737-38, 1953.

Watson and Crick shared the Nobel Prize with M. H. F. Wilkins (No. 256.4) "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material." Later they proposed how DNA might explain the chemical mechanism by which cells passed on their character accurately. See No. 7138.

The journal Nature later published an "early draft" of the Watson & Crick paper with differing text and extensive explanatory annotations. It is available from exploratorium.edu at this link.



Subjects: BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 256.4

Helical structure of crystalline deoxypentose nucleic acid.

Nature, 172, 759-62, 1953.

In 1962 Wilkins shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Crick and Watson "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material."



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › X-Ray Crystallography, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 6847

Molecular configuration in sodium thymonucleate.

Nature (Lond.) 171, 740-41, 1953.

This paper reports Franklin's discovery of the existence of DNA in 2 forms, and conditions for readily and rapidly changing from one to the other. Its phosphates were on the outside.” (Maddox 195)  The Watson-Crick model of the double helix was in large part derived from her work. The striking Photo 51 of the B form of DNA that was influential in convincing Watson that the form was helical, appeared as an illustration to her and Gosling’s paper, with no suggestion that Watson had seen it, let alone been inspired by it. She appended also her comment that the photograph ‘is strongly characteristic . . .of a helical structure. See Maddox, Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA (2002) 211-212)  Various authorities have suggested that it was Rosalind Franklin, rather than Maurice Wilkins, who should have shared the Nobel Prize with Watson and Crick for the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA; however, Franklin died before the prize was awarded, and the Nobel Prize is not awarded posthumously.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, WOMEN in Medicine & the Life Sciences, Publications About, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 7037

Sexual behavior in the human female. By the staff of the Institute for Sex Research, Indiana University.

Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1953.


Subjects: PSYCHOLOGY, SEXUALITY / Sexology
  • 7138

Genetical implications of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid.

Nature, 1953, 171, 964-7, 1953.

In this paper published on May 30, 1953 Watson and Crick proposed the method of replication of DNA. This discovery has been called as significant, or possibly even more significant, than their discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA published in April 1953. 



Subjects: BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, GENETICS / HEREDITY
  • 7264

The Piltdown Forgery.

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.

Fiftieth anniversary edition with a new introduction and afterward by Chris Stringer (Oxford University Press, 2003).



Subjects: Crimes / Frauds / Hoaxes, EVOLUTION › Human Origins / Human Evolution › History of
  • 7301

The solution of the Piltdown problem.

Bull. British Museum (N. H.) 2, nos. 3-4, 141-146, 1953.

Exposure of the Piltdown fraud. Weiner, Oakley and Le Gros Clark found ample evidence of forgery in the Piltdown remains, including the use of artificial abrasion and staining; they also applied fluorine and nitrogen analysis to determine the relative ages of the Piltdown fragments, finding that “whereas the Piltdown cranium may well be Upper Pleistocene . . . the mandible, canine tooth and isolated molar are quite modern” (p. 143). 



Subjects: Crimes / Frauds / Hoaxes, EVOLUTION › Human Origins / Human Evolution
  • 7383

Production of amino acids under possible primitive earth conditions.

Science, 117 (3046) 528–529, 1953.

The Miller–Urey experiment or Miller experiment, a classic experiment investigating abiogenesis, simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth, and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions. The experiment confirmed Alexander Oparin's and J. B. S. Haldane's hypothesis that putative conditions on the primitive Earth favored chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler inorganic precursors.  



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY › Astrobiology / Exobiology / Abiogenesis
  • 7993

The Welch Medical Library indexing project.

Bull. Med. Libr. Assoc., 41, 32-40., 1953.

A progress report on this pioneering information retrieval project. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology, DIGITAL RESOURCES › Digital Libraries & Databases, History of
  • 9243

The book of plants [Kitâb al-nabât] of Abū Hanīfa ad-Dīnawari: Part of the alphabetical section (j-i). Edited and translated by Bernhard Lewin.

Uppsala, Sweden: Lundequistska Bokhandeln, 1953.


Subjects: BOTANY › Medical Botany, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Islamic or Arab Medicine
  • 9245

La "Materia médica" de Dioscórides: Transmisión medieval y renacentista by César E. Dubler. Vol. I: La transmisión medieval y renacentista y la supervivencia en la medicina popular moderna de la "Materia médica" de Dioscórides, estudiada particularmente en España y África del Norte. Vol. 2: La versión árabe de la 'Materia Médica' de Dioscórides (texto, variantes e indices): estudio de la transcripción de los nombres griegos al árabe y comparación de las versiones griega, árabe y castellana. Vol. 3: La "Materia médica" de Dioscórides traducida y comentada por D. Andrés de Laguna (Texto crítico). Vol. 4: D. Andrés de Laguna y su época. Vol. 5: Glosario médico castellano del siglo XVI. Prólogo de Gregorio Marañón. Vol. 6: Indices generales y léxico especial de Andrés de Laguna.

Barcelona: Tipografia Emporium, 19531959.


Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Materia medica / Herbals / Herbal Medicines, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Materia medica / Herbals / Herbal Medicines › History of Materia Medica
  • 9446

Official history of the Canadian Medical Services: 1939-1945. Vol. 1: Organization and campaigns. Vol. 2: Clinical subjects. Edited by W. R. Feasby. 2 vols.

Ottawa: Edmond Cloutier, 19531956.

Digital facsimiles from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Canada, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War I
  • 9505

A history of the Texas Medical Association 1853-1953.

Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1953.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American West, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Texas
  • 10203

Ciba collection of medical illustrations. 8 vols. in 13.

Summit, NJ & Ardley, NY: Ciba Pharmaceutical Products, Inc., 19531990.

"In all, Netter produced nearly 4,000 illustrations, which have been included in countless publications. In perspective, that number represents an image researched, sketched, and completely painted for every three business days for over 50 years.

"The vast bulk of Netter's illustrations were produced for and owned by CIBA Pharmaceutical Company and its successor, CIBA-Geigy, which has since merged with Sandoz Laboratories to become Novartis. In June 2000, Novartis sold its interest in Netter's works to MediMedia USA's subsidiary Icon Learning Systems, which in turn has sold the portfolio to Elsevier, which continues to make his work available in various formats. His Atlas of Human Anatomy and other atlases have become a staple of medical education" (Wikipedia article on Frank H. Netter, accessed 04-2018).

The volumes and the dates of their first printings are listed below:

Vol. 1: Nervous system, with a supplement on the hypothalamus. With foreward by John F. Fulton (1953).

Vol. 1, pt. 1: Anatomy and physiology (1983).

Vol. 1, pt. 2:  Nervous system, Part II (2), Neurologic and neuromuscular disorders (1986).

Vol. 2:  Reproductive system. Edited by Ernest Oppenheim. With foreward by John Rock ( 1954).

Vol. 3, pt. 1: Upper digestive tract (1959).

Vol. 3, pt. 2. Lower digestive tract (1962).

Vol. 3, pt. 3. Liver, biliary tract and pancreas, with a supplement on new aspects of structure, metabolism, diagnostic and surgical procedures (1957).

Vol. 4: Endocrine system and selected metabolic diseases (1965).

Vol. 5: Heart (1969).

Vol. 6: Kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder (1973).

Vol. 7: Respiratory system (1979).

Vol. 8: Musculoskeletal system—pt. 1. Anatomy, physiology, and metabolic disorders (1987).

Vol. 8, pt. 2: Developmental disorders, tumors, rheumatic diseases, and joint replacement (1990).

 

 



Subjects: ANATOMY › 20th Century, ANATOMY › Anatomical Illustration
  • 10310

Tropical victory: An account of the influence of medicine on the history of Southern Rhodesia, 1890-1923.

Cape Town: Juta and Company, 1953.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Zimbabwe
  • 10504

Pest in Venedig 1575-1577. Ein Beitrag zur Frage der Infektkette bei den Pestepidemien West-Europas.

Heidelberg: Springer, 1953.

Rodenwaldt studied of the course of plague in Venice from 1575-1577 and the measures taken to combat the epidemic, considering symptoms, transmitter, environment, climatic influences, and the success and failure of the administration in handling the crisis. 



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Italy, EPIDEMIOLOGY › History of Epidemiology, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Flea-Borne Diseases › Plague (transmitted by fleas from rats to humans) › Plague, History of
  • 10682

Dentistry in ancient India.

Bombay: The Popular Book Depot, 1953.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › India › History of Ancient Medicine in India, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry
  • 11075

Quantitative field studies on a carbon dioxide chemotropism of mosquitoes.

Am. J. Trop. Med. & Hygiene, 2, 325-331, 1953.

Reeves demonstrated that mosquitoes detect their prey by sensing the carbon dioxide that animals exhale. (It was later shown that some mosquitoes can detect their prey from more than 165 feet away.)

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: BIOLOGY, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, ZOOLOGY › Arthropoda › Entomology
  • 11200

Michael Servetus, humanist and martyr. With a bibliography of his works. By John F. Fulton and Madeleine E. Stanton.

New York: Herbert Reichner, 1953.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Individual Authors, PHYSIOLOGY › History of Physiology, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 11203

A bibliography of Oliver Wendell Holmes. By Thomas Franklin Currier and Eleanor M. Tilton.

New York: New York University Press, 1953.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Individual Authors, LITERATURE / Philosophy & Medicine & Biology, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS › Puerperal Fever, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 11678

Closure of atrial septal defects with the aid of hypothermia; experimental accomplishments and the report of one successful case.

Surgery, 33, 52-59, 1953.

Lewis performed the first successful open heart operation, closing an atrial septal defect in a 5-year-old girl on September 2, 1952. The procedure took 5.5 minutes. For the next three years Lewis and colleagues operated on 60 patients with atrial septal defects using hypothermia and venous inflow occlusion.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Congenital Heart Defects
  • 11839

Certain unusual radiological appearances in the chest of coal-miners suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.

Thorax, 8, 29-37, 1953.

Caplan's syndrome, originally identified in coal miners with progressive massive fibrosis. It is a combination of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pneumoconiosis that manifests as intrapulmonary nodules, which appear homogenous and well-defined on chest X-ray. Digital facsimile from Thorax.bmj.com at this link.



Subjects: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & MEDICINE › Miners' Diseases › Pneumoconiosis, RHEUMATOLOGY › Arthritis
  • 12184

A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant.

Current Researches in Anesthesia and Analgesia, 32, 260-267, 1953.

The Apgar score for summarizing the health of newborn children, based on skin color, pulse rate, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and respiratory effort. These form a backronym, referring back to the author: Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration.



Subjects: PEDIATRICS › Neonatology
  • 12449

Regularly occurring periods of eye motility, and concomitant phenomena, during sleep.

Science, 118, 273-274, 1953.

Aserinsky, one of Kleitman's graduate students, decided to hook sleepers up to an early version of an electroencephalogram machine, which scribbled across 12 mile (800 m) of paper each night. In the process, Aserinsky noticed that sleepers went through periods when their eyes darted wildly back and forth several times each night. Kleitman and Aserinsky introduced the world to "rapid-eye movement," or REM sleep, and demonstrated that REM sleep was correlated with dreaming and brain activity. 



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Sleep Physiology & Medicine
  • 13946

Evidence for 2-chain helix in crystalline structure of sodium deoxyribonucleate.

Nature, 172, 156-157, 1953.

Franklin and Gosling's completed Patterson synthesis of the A-form of DNA, based on work begun in 1952, represents the first independent confirmation that the Watson-Crick double-helix model was correct. "We suggest that the unit in structure A is, as in Structure B, two co-axial helical chains running in opposite directions" (p. [5]). "The demonstration of the correctness of the structure is thus doubly convincing because the double-helical structure may be arranged to fit the X-ray data of both forms." (Klug, "Rosalind Franklin and the Discovery of the Structure of DNA" Nature 219 [1968]: 808). Judson, Eighth Day of Creation, p. 161. 



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › X-Ray Crystallography
  • 13965

The transplantability of nuclei of arrested hybrid blastulae (R. pipiens female X R. catesbeiana male).

J. Exp. Zool., 123, 61-78, 1953.

King and Briggs cloned a frog by nuclear transfer of embryonic cells. Their experiment was the first successful nuclear transplanation performed in metazoans. The same cloning technique, using somatic cells, was later used to create Dolly the Sheep.



Subjects: EMBRYOLOGY
  • 14072

Induction of instability at selected loci in maize.

Genetics, 38, 579–99, 1953.

McClintock (Nobel Prize 1983) discovered transposable elements or jumping genes. She found that certain parts of chromosome had switched position. This refuted the then-popular theory that genes were fixed in their position on a chromosome. McClintock found that genes could not only move but they could also be turned on or off due to certain environmental conditions or during different stages of cell development. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › Genetics
  • 14290

Switching systems as mechanized brains.

Bell Laboratories Record, 31, 63-69., 1953.

Written in the earliest days of automatic switching systems when few electronic computers existed, Meszar's paper raised the question of whether certain aspects of human thought are computable and others are not. Meszar argued for “the necessity of divorcing certain mental operations from the concept of thinking,” in order to “pave the way for ready acceptance of the viewpoint that automatic systems can accomplish many of the functions of the human brain.” Meszar was a director of switching systems at Bell Laboratories



Subjects: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine , COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology › Computing / Mathematics in Medicine & Biology
  • 1175.4

A synthetic preparation possessing biological properties associated with arginine-vasopressin.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 76, 4751-52, 1954.

Synthesis of vasopressin. With D. T. Gish and P. G. Katsoyannis.



Subjects: Ductless Glands: Internal Secretion › Pituitary
  • 2028.42

History of blood transfusion.

J. Hist. Med., 9, 59-107, 1954.


Subjects: THERAPEUTICS › Blood Transfusion › History of Blood Transfusion
  • 1947

Purification and some properties of cephalosporin N, a new penicillin.

Biochem. J., 58, 94-102, 1954.

With G. G. F. Newton and C. W. Hale.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2660.7

Cytoactive amino-acid and peptide derivatives. I. Substituted phenylalanines.

J. chem. Soc., 2409-17, 1954.

Melphalan (a nitrogen mustard) later used in the chemotherapy of cancer.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Chemotherapy for Cancer
  • 3047.5

Application of a mechanical heart and lung apparatus to cardiac surgery.

Minn. Med., 37, 171-80, 185, 1954.

First pump oxygenator used on humans. Performed on May 6, 1953, this was the first successful intracardiac operation in a patient with the use of total heart-lung bypass.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Heart-Lung Machine
  • 3047.6

Controlled cross circulation for open intracardiac surgery; physiologic studies and results of creation and closure of ventricular septal defects.

J. Thorac. Surg., 28, 331-43, 1954.

Warden and colleagues undertook the first repair of various cardiac anomalies. With M. Cohen, and R.C. Read.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Congenital Heart Defects
  • 3558.1

A flexible fibrescope, using static scanning.

Nature (Lond.), 173, 39-41, 1954.


Subjects: INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments
  • 2578.12

Quantitative studies on tissue transplantation immunity. I. The survival times of skin homografts exchanged between members of different inbred strains of mice. II. The origin, strength and duration of actively and adoptively acquired immunity.

Proc. roy. Soc. B, 143, 43-80, 1954.

Experimental production of immunological tolerance by Billingham and colleagues.Paper II distinguished adoptive from passive immunization. E. M. Sparrow was a co-author of paper I.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, TRANSPLANTATION, TRANSPLANTATION › Skin Grafting
  • 2578.14

Kinetic studies on immune hemolysis. III-IV.

J. Immunol., 72, 511-30, 1954.

Complement fixation



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2578.15

Passive transfer of transplantation immunity.

Proc. roy. Soc. B., 142, 72-87, 1954.

Preliminary notice in Nature (Lond.), 1953, 171, 267-68.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 2883.01

The use of ultrasonic reflectoscope for the continuous recording the movements of heart walls.

K. Fysiogr. Sellsk. Lund. Foersh., 24, 1-19, 1954.

Echocardiography, from which the field of medical ultrasonics developed.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › Tests for Heart & Circulatory Function › Echocardiography, IMAGING › Sonography (Ultrasound)
  • 3924.3

A new syndrome: progressive familial infantile cerebral dysfunction associated with unusual urinary substance.

Pediatrics, 14, 462-6, 1954.

Maple syrup urine disease described. With P. L. Hurst and J. M. Craig.



Subjects: Metabolism & Metabolic Disorders, PEDIATRICS
  • 4256.2

Nephrotomography. A preliminary report.

Amer. J. Roentgenol., 71, 213-23., 1954.

With W. Dubilier and J. C. Monteith.



Subjects: NEPHROLOGY, RADIOLOGY
  • 3412.6

A new method for testing hearing in temporal lobe tumours. Preliminary report.

Acta oto-laryng. (Stockh.), 44, 219-21, 1954.

The first tests for disorders of central auditory function were developed by Bocca, C. Calearo, and V. Cassinari.



Subjects: OTOLOGY › Audiology › Hearing Tests
  • 3705.01

Bibliografia odontologica Mexicana.

Mexico: La Prensa Medica Mexicana, 1954.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Dentistry, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Mexico, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 4158.1

Kurze Geschichte der Dermatologie und Venereologie und ihre kulturgeschichtliche Spiegelung.

Hannover: T. Oppermann, 1954.


Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › History of Dermatology, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › History of Infectious Disease, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES › Syphilis › History of Syphilis
  • 4914.2

Epilepsy and the functional anatomy of the human brain.

Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 1954.

This comprehensive monograph on the mechanism and surgical treatment of epileptic seizures remains Penfield’s most substantial scientific work. See also No. 4910.1.



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Epilepsy, NEUROSURGERY › Epilepsy
  • 5131

Plague.

Geneva: World Health Organization, 1954.

Includes a section on the history of plague. WHO Monograph Series, No. 22.



Subjects: Global Health, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Flea-Borne Diseases › Plague (transmitted by fleas from rats to humans), INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Flea-Borne Diseases › Plague (transmitted by fleas from rats to humans) › Plague, History of
  • 4962.4

The pharmacological properties of 2-methyl-2-m-propyl-1, 3-propanediol dicarbamate (Miltown), a new interneuronal blocking agent.

J. Pharmacol., 112, 413-23, 1954.

Introduction of meprobamate, later used for the treatment of anxiety. Miltown was the first widely prescribed psychotropic drug.



Subjects: PSYCHIATRY › Psychopharmacology
  • 5352.3

Annotated bibliography of filariasis and elephantiasis. 5 parts.

Nouméa, New Caledonia: South Pacific Commission, 19541960.

South Pacific Commission Technical Papers, Nos. 65, 88, 109 (and Supplement), 124, and 160.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Diseases, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › South Pacific, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › DISEASES DUE TO METAZOAN PARASITES, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis)
  • 5449.2

Propagation in tissue cultures of cytopathogenic agents from patients with measles.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 86, 277-86, 1954.

Isolation of measles virus.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Measles, VIROLOGY
  • 6311.1

Historical review of British obstetrics and gynaecology, 1800-1950.

Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone Ltd., 1954.

Edited by J. M. Munro Kerr, R. W. Johnstone, and M.H. Phillips. Supplements No. 6299.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › England (United Kingdom), OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › GYNECOLOGY › History of Gynecology, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS › History of Obstetrics
  • 6785.1

The development of medical bibliography.

Baltimore, MD: Medical Library Association, 1954.

A historical study; includes a list of 255 medical bibliographies published since 1500. Reprinted 1981.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › History of Bibliography
  • 6786

A catalogue of incunabula in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library.

London: Oxford University Press, 1954.

Gives full bibliographical description of 632 incunabula.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › 15th Century (Incunabula) & Medieval, BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Institutional Medical Libraries
  • 6451.1

Current work in the history of medicine. An international bibliography. No. 1-.

London: Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, 1954.

A quarterly subject index to periodical literature on the history of medicine. Also lists new books alphabetically by author. Discontinued. See No. 6451.11



Subjects: History of Medicine: General Works, Periodicals Specializing in the History of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 6451.2

A history of medicine. 1 vol. [in 2]

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1954.


Subjects: History of Medicine: General Works
  • 6896

Possible relation between deoxyribonucleic acid and protein structures.

Nature, 173, No. 4398, 318, 1954.

Gamow, a physicist, invented the concept of a genetic code. This brief 1-page paper, published in the February 13, 1954 issue of Nature was the first specific positive response to Watson and Crick's structure of DNA. Where others, notably Max Delbruck, had reacted for all their excitement by suggesting ways the double-helix structure could be tested and might have to be modified, Gamov took it as given and set it to work. The importance of Gamow's idea, Crick later said, "was that it was really an abstract theory of coding, and was not cluttered up with a lot of unnecessary chemical details." Gamow disentangled the problem, stating that if genes were DNA, and DNA was two chains side by side, formed of anly four kinds of nucleotides and joined by the paired bases, "It follows that all hereditary properties of any living organism can be characterized by a long number....written in a four-digital system, and containing many thousands of consecutive digits." This Gamow called "the number of the beast" (Judson, Eighth Day of Creation (1996) 256).

See also:, Gamow, "Possible mathematical relation between deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins," Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab: Biologiske Meddelelser, 22 (1954) 1-13, and Gamow & Martynas Yčas, "Statistical correlation of protein and ribonucleic acid composition," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA), 41 (December,1955) 1011-1019, and Gamow, "Information transfer in the living cell," Scientific American, 193 (December 1955) 70-77.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Genetic Code, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Synthesis
  • 7085

Steroids. LIV.Synthesis of 19-Nov-17α-ethynyltestosterone and 19-Nor-17α-methyltestosterone.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 76 4092-4094, 1954.

Synthesis of Norethisterone (or norethindrone) (or 19-nor-17α-ethynyltestosterone), the first highly active progestin analog that was effective when taken by mouth. This molecule became part of one of the first successful combined oral contraceptive pills. It is also used in some progestogen only pills, and it is also available as a stand-alone drug. DOI: 10.1021/ja01645a010.



Subjects: Contraception , PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Oral Contraceptives
  • 7351

The human brain in sagittal section.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1954.

A superb atlas is based on sagittal sections. This was an innovative approach for the time as almost all previous illustration of the adult human brain was typically based on frontal or horizontal sections: “in consequence of the inherently axiate organization of the vertebrate body, sagittal sections conform more to the logic of structure of the neuraxis than do other sections.” (p. 3). 



Subjects: ANATOMY › 20th Century, ANATOMY › Cross-Sectional, ANATOMY › Neuroanatomy
  • 7981

Ritalin, a new synthetic compound with specific analeptic components.

Klinische Wochenschrift, 32 (19–20), 445–50., 1954.

The authors identified Methylphenidate as a stimulant. It is sold under the trade name Ritalin, and other names.



Subjects: PSYCHIATRY › Child Psychiatry, PSYCHIATRY › Psychopharmacology, PSYCHOLOGY › Cognitive Disorders
  • 6471.2
  • 8404

Grundriss der Medizin der alten Ägypter. 9 vols in 11.

Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 19541973.

Vol. 1. H. Grapow, Anatomie und Physiologie (1954)

Vol. 2. H. Grapow, Von den medizinischen Texten (1955)

Vol. 3. H. Grapow, Kraner, Krankheiten und Arzt (1956)

Vol. 4.1. H. von Dienes, H. Grapow, W. Westendorf, Ubersetsung der medizinischen Texte (1958)

Vol. 4.2. H. von Dienes, H. Grapow, W. Westendorf, Ubersetsung der medizinischen Text Erläuterungen (1958)

Vol. 5. H. Grapow, Die medizinischen Texte in Hieroglyphischer Umschreibung autographiert (1958)

Vol. 6. H. von Dienes, H. Grapow, Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Drogennamen (1959).

Vol. 7.1. H. von Dienes, W. Westendorf, Wörterbuch der medizinischen Texte, erste Häfte (3-r) (1961)

Vol. 7.2. H. von Dienes, W. Westendorf, Wörterbuch der medizinischen Text, zweite Häfte (h-d) (1962)

Vol. 8. W. Westendorf, Grammatike der medizinischen Texte (1962)

Vol. 9. H. von Dienes, H. Grapow, W. Estendorf, Ergänzungen (Dorgenquanten, Sachgruppen, Nachträge, Bibliographie, Generalregister) (1973).

These volumes represent the most comprehensive study of the Egyptian medical papyri.

"A full hieroglypic transcription of the most important medical papyri is to found in volume V. Paragraphs are arranged according to the parts of the body in which disease occurs and not sequentially as the papyrus was written. Thus sections of different papyri appear together, particularly for parallel passages. Any section of a particular papyrus may be found by reference to the concordance at the back of Volume V;  this also indicates page number for the corresponding German translation in Vol. IV.1. The commentary is in volume IV.2. Egyptian-German vocabulary for names of drugs is in volume VI, while all other Egyptian words are treated in volumes VII.1 and VII.2, which include citations for the more important appearances of the words in the various medical texts. The system is inevitably cumbersome to use, but the wealth of information is incomparable and unlikely to be surpassed in the foreseeable future" (Nunn, Ancient Egyptian medicine (1996) p. 25).



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Egypt, ANCIENT MEDICINE › Medical Papyri
  • 8469

Prescriptions médicales sur ostraca hiératiques.

Brussels: Fondation Egyptologique Reine Elisabeth, 1954.


Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Egypt, BIBLIOGRAPHY › Manuscripts & Philology
  • 8928

História da fIsiologia em Portugal.

Lisbon, 1954.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Portugal, PHYSIOLOGY › History of Physiology
  • 9031

La solidaridad de las Américas ante la salud.

Lima, Peru: Biblioteca de Cultura Sanitaria, Universidad de San Marcos, 1954.


Subjects: Global Health, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine, PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 9199

The Royal Naval Medical Service. Vol. 1. Administration. Vol. 2. Operations. History of the Second World War. United Kingdom medical series.

London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 19541956.


Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › Navy, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 9228

Medical considerations in helicopter evacuation.

U.S. Armed Forces Medical Journal, V, No.2, 220-227., 1954.

"The introduction of the helicopter to the Army Medical Department's traditional battlefield mission of medical evacuation of sick, injured, and wounded soldiers from frontline units to hospitals in the rear had its rudimentary beginnings in World War II. During the Korean War, the helicopter came of age and soon became the primary means for evacuating the most seriously wounded, injured, and ill soldiers from the very fighting front to mobile army surgical hospitals (MASHes) and rear area evacuation hospitals for life-saving treatment.  Helicopter medical evacuation, simply known as MEDEVAC, soon became central to the Army Medical Department's concept of battlefield care and evacuation.  During Vietnam, helicopter MEDEVAC became known as "Dustoff", a designation it has retained ever since..." Digital text of this and other related papers from the U.S. Army Medical Department Office of Medical History at this link.



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › Air Force, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › Korean War
  • 9879

"L'Eunuque dans l'Égypte pharaonique.

Revue d'Histoire des Sciences, 7, No. 2, 139-155., 1954.

Full annotated text available at https://people.well.com/user/aquarius/pharaonique.htm.

 



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Egypt, SEXUALITY / Sexology › History of Sexuality / Sexology
  • 11159

Neurosurgery of infancy and childhood.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1954.

The first complete textbook of pediatric neurosurgery. Ingraham, a protegé of Harvey Cushing, established the first pediatric neurosurgery unit at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in 1929.



Subjects: NEUROSURGERY › Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • 11218

A bibliography of the works of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, 1743-1794. By Denis I. Duveen and Herbert S. Klickstein. 2 vols.

London: Wm. Dawson & E. Weil, 19541965.

Mostly written by Herbert S. Klickstein for the collector Denis Duveen.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Chemistry / Biochemistry, BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Individual Authors, Chemistry › History of Chemistry
  • 11268

The Johns Hopkins Hospital school of nursing, 1889-1949.

Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1954.


Subjects: NURSING › History of Nursing
  • 11714

Heart disease and industry with particular reference to workmen's compensation cases.

New York: Grune & Stratton, 1954.

"The first monograph on the subject" (W. Bruce Fye).



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, LAW and Medicine & the Life Sciences › Workmen's Compensation, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & MEDICINE
  • 11887

Protection afforded by sickle-cell trait against subtertian malarial infection.

Brit. med. J., 1, 290-294, 1954.

Allison was the first to connect a hereditary disease (sickle cell disease) to an infectious disease (malaria). He proved that heterozygous and homozygous individuals to the sickle cell trait or disease respectively show a resistance to malarial illness which allows them to survive while others die. The sickle cell individuals then survive to puberty, reproduce and pass down their ‘beneficial’ trait. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.

In 1956 Allison published a semi-popular version of this research as "Sickle cells and evolution," Scientific American, 195 (1956) 87-94.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)

In 2014 Allison was interviewed concerning his sickle cell research in this video from hhmi biointeractive:

 



Subjects: EVOLUTION, GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Blood Disorders › Sickle-Cell Disease, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Malaria
  • 11916

First pharmacopeia in man's recorded history.

Am. J. Pharm. Sci. Support. Public Health, 126, 76–84, 1954.

The most ancient testimony concerning the opium poppy found to date was inscribed in cuneiform script on a small white clay tablet at the end of the third millennium BC. This tablet was discovered in 1954 during excavations at Nippur, and is currently kept at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Deciphered by Samuel Noah Kramer and Martin Leve, it is considered to be the most ancient pharmacopoeia in existence.[7(Wikipedia article on History of General Anesthesia, accessed 3-2020).



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Mesopotamia, ANESTHESIA › Opiates, PHARMACOLOGY › Pharmacopeias
  • 12968

The anaesthetist's viewpoint on the treatment of respiratory complications in poliomyelitis during the epidemic in Copenhagen, 1952.

Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 47, 72-74, 1954.

Ibsen developed the first Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the polio epidemic in Copenhagen in 1952, formally setting up the unit in 1953 in a converted student nurse classroom in the Municipal Hospital in Copenhagen. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Denmark, Emergency Medicine, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Neuroinfectious Diseases › Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis)
  • 13994

Induction spontanée du développement du bactériophage lambda au cours de la recombinaison génétique, chez Escherichia coli K 12.

Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci., 239, 317-319, 1954.

Wollman and Jacob discovered zygotic induction. This occurs when a bacterial cell carrying the silenced DNA of a bacteriophage transfers the viral DNA along with its own DNA in its chromosome to another bacterial cell lacking the virus, causing the recipient of the DNA to break open. In the donor cell, a repressor protein encoded by the prophage (viral DNA) keeps the viral genes turned off so that virus is not produced. When DNA is transferred to the recipient cell by conjugation, the viral genes in the transferred DNA are immediately turned on because the recipient cell lacks the repressor. As a result, many viruses are made in the recipient cell, and lysis eventually occurs to release the new virus.... Zygotic induction provided insight into the nature of bacterial conjugation. It also contributed to the development of the early repression model of gene regulation that explained how the lac operon and λ bacteriophage genes are negatively regulated.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY, VIROLOGY
  • 14000

Plaque formation and isolation of pure lines with poliomyelitis viruses.

J. Exp. Med., 99, 167-182, 1954.

Dulbecco and Vogt were the first to successfully grow the poliovirus in vitro. They were also able to plaque purify it-- an essential step for subsequent vaccine production.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Vaccines, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Picornaviridae › Poliovirus
  • 14223

The structure of haemoglobin - IV. Sign determination by the isomorphous replacement method.

Proc. roy. Soc. Ser. A. Math. & Phys. Sci, 225, 287-307, 1954.

The first demonstration of isomorphous replacement in protein crystallography. This was a key step in determination of the structure of large biological molecules. Harittai, "On the origins of isomorphous replacement in protein crystallography," Structural Chemistry, 33, 2022, 635-639.

Digital facsimile from royalsocietypublishing.org at this link.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Crystallization
  • 14243

In vitro experiments on the effects of mouse sarcomas 180 and 37 on the spinal and sympathetic ganglia of the chick embryo.

Cancer Res., 14, 49-57, 1954.

Discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF). Order of authorship in the original publication: Levi-Montalcini, Meyer, Hamburger.

In 1986 Levi-Montalcini was awarded half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and Stanley Cohen was awarded the other half "for their discoveries of growth factors." 



Subjects: NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 566.4

Tissue fractionation studies. 6. Intracellular distribution patterns of enzymes in rat-liver tissue.

Biochem. J., 60, 604-18, 1955.

Lysosomes. With B. C. Pressman, R. Gianetto, R. Wattiaux and F. Appelmans.



Subjects: BIOLOGY
  • 4672.3

Immunization of chimpanzees and human beings with avirulent strains of poliomyelitis virus.

Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 61, 1050-1056, 1955.

Sabin reported the successful immunization of chimpanzees by oral and I.M. route using the Brunhilde, Mahoney and Leon strains of polio virus. On p. 1055 he reported the experimental results on humans given a "single feeding" of avirulent (attenuated) virus. This was his first report on the success of the Sabin attenuated poliomyelitis oral vaccine.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, IMMUNOLOGY › Vaccines, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Neuroinfectious Diseases › Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis), NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Picornaviridae › Poliovirus
  • 4771.1

Eine neue x-chromosomale Muskeldystrophie.

Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr., 193, 427-48, 1955.

Becker-type muscular dystrophy.



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Myopathies
  • 752.3

Enzymatic synthesis of nucleic acidlike polynucleotides.

Science, 122, 907-910, 1955.

Ochoa shared the Nobel Prize with Arthur Kornberg in 1959 for their artificial synthesis of nucleic acids by means of enzymes. Order of authorship in the original publication: Ochoa, Grunberg-Manago, Ortiz. See also Ochoa, Severo, "Biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid," Spec. pub. of N.Y. Acad. Sci, 5, 1957, 191-200.



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 1207

The disulphide bonds of insulin.

Biochem. J., 60, 541-56, 1955.

Sanger sequenced the amino acids of insulin, the first of any protein. His work “revealed that a protein has a definite constant, genetically determined sequence—and yet a sequence with no general rule for its assembly. Therefore it had to have a code” (Judson, The Eighth Day of Creation, p. 188). With Andrew Peter Ryle, L. F. Smith and R. Kitai.

In 1958 Sanger received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin." 

In 1980 Sanger shared half of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Walter Gilbert "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acides." The other half was awarded  to Paul Berg "for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA."



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Synthesis, Ductless Glands: Internal Secretion › Pancreas, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Chemistry (selected)
  • 2137.01

The diseases of occupations.

London: English University Press, 1955.

A classic textbook on the subject with valuable historical chapters and references. Hunter put the text through six editions to 1978. The work was rewritten as Hunter’s Diseases of occupations, ed. by P.A.B. Raffle, W.R. Lee, R.I. McCallum, and R. Murray (1987). A 10th edition edited by Peter J Baxter, Tar-Ching Aw, Anne Cockcroft, Paul Durrington, J Malcolm Harrington was published in 2010.



Subjects: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & MEDICINE , OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & MEDICINE › History of Occupational Health & Medicine
  • 1947.1

Cephalosporin C, a new antibiotic containing sulpher and d-x aminoadipic acid.

Nature (Lond.)., 175, 158 (only), 1955.


Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 1947.2

Amphotericins A and B, antifungal antibiotics produced by a streptomycete.

Antibiot. Ann., 579-91, 19551956.

With six co-authors.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2360

Historical chronology of tuberculosis. 2nd ed.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1955.


Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Tuberculosis › History of Tuberculosis
  • 2660.8

Carcinolytic action of antibiotics: puromycin and actinomycin.

D. Amer. J. Path., 31, 582 (only), 1955.


Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2527

Reconstitution of active tobacco mosaic virus from its inactive protein and nucleic acid components.

Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.), 41, 690-98, 1955.

First reconstitution of a virus.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Botanic Sources of Single Component Drugs › Tobacco, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Virgaviridae › Tobacco Mosaic Virus
  • 2527.1

Crystallization of purified MEF-1 poliomyelitis virus particles.

Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash), 4l, 1020-23, 1955.

First crystallization of an animal virus.



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions › Poliomyelitis, VIROLOGY
  • 3047.7

Controlled cross circulation for direct-vision intracardiac surgery; correction of ventricular septal defects, atrioventricularis communis, and tetralogy of Fallot.

Postgrad. Med., 17, 388-96, 1955.

Controlled cross circulation (human heart–lung “machine”) for intracardiac surgery.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › Congenital Heart Defects, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Heart-Lung Machine
  • 3108.6

Clinical trials of p-(DI-2-chloroethylamino)-phenylbutyric acid (CB 1348) in malignant lymphoma.

Brit. med. J., 2, 1172-76, 1955.

Clinical use of chlorambucil for chronic lymphatic leukemia. With L. G. Israels, J. D. N. Nabarro, and M. Till.



Subjects: HEMATOLOGY › Blood Disorders, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Leukemia, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Lymphoma
  • 3558.2

Primary peptic ulcerations of the jejunum associated with islet cell tumors of the pancreas.

Ann. Surg., 142, 709-28, 1955.

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.



Subjects: GASTROENTEROLOGY › Diseases of the Digestive System › Gastric / Duodenal Ulcer
  • 2578.16

The fractionation of rabbit -globulin by partition chromatography.

Biochem. J., 59, 405-10, 1955.

Preliminary note in Biochem. J., 1954, 58, xxxix-xl. Porter received the Nobel Prize in 1972. See No. 2578.25.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2883.1

The significance of the serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity following acute myocardial infarction.

Circulation, 11, 871-77, 1955.

Diagnostic test for myocardial infarction.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Coronary Artery Disease › Myocardial Infarction
  • 2700.2

Cineradiography with an image amplifier: a practical technique.

Brit. J. Radiol. 28, 221-2, 1955.

Electron optical image intensifier, 1953.



Subjects: RADIOLOGY
  • 3978.1

Ein neues antidiabetisches Prinzip. Ergebnisse klinischer Untersuchungen.

Dtsch. med. Wschr. 80, 1449-52, 1955.

Introduction of carbutamide (BZ55), the first of the sulphonylureas. It was followed by tolbutamide and chlorpropamide.



Subjects: Metabolism & Metabolic Disorders › Diabetes
  • 3666.1

A note on transplantation of the whole liver in dogs.

Transplant. Bull., 2, 54-55, 1955.

Placement of auxiliary whole liver.



Subjects: HEPATOLOGY › Diseases of the Liver, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 3877.1

Primary aldosteronism, a new clinical syndrome.

J. Lab. clin. Med., 45, 661-64, 1955.

Primary aldosteronism (“Conn’s syndrome”).



Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY › Adrenals
  • 4256.3

Experiences with renal homotransplantation in the human. Report of nine cases.

J. clin. Invest., 34, 327-82, 1955.

With Benjamin F. Miller. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: NEPHROLOGY › Renal Disease › Renal Transplantation, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 2993.2

Total excision of the aortic arch for aneurysm.

Surg. Gynec. Obstet., 101, 667-72, 1955.

Total excision and replacement by polyvinyl sponge (Ivalon) prosthesis. 



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Aneurysms, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Cardiothoracic Prostheses
  • 5500.1

Vergleichende sero-immunologische Untersuchungen über die Viren der Influenza und klassischen Geflügelpest.

Z. Naturf., 10b, 81-91, 1955.

Schäfer showed the close serological relationship between human influenza viruses and their avian counterparts and suggested that members of this group might change their host specificity.



Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Influenza
  • 5546.3

Propagation and primary isolation of mumps virus in tissue culture.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 89, 556-60, 1955.


Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Mumps, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Paramyxoviridae › Mumps orthorubulavirus (MuV) , WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 5551.1

The surgery of Theodoric ca. 1267. Translated from the Latin by Eldridge Campbell and James Colton. 2 vols.

New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 19551960.

Theodoric, a Dominican friar, was a pupil of Hugh of Lucca (circa 1160-1257), whose teachings are reflected in his writings. Allbutt considered Theodoric to be one of the most original surgeons of all time. Borgognoni was an early advocate of cleanliness in surgical dressings. This may be viewed as foreshadowing antisepsis. His advocacy for hygienic treatement of wounds was not adoped by other authorities.



Subjects: MEDIEVAL MEDICINE , MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Italy, SURGERY: General
  • 6548

The Royal Society of Medicine: The realization of an ideal (1805-1955).

London: Royal Society of Medicine, 1955.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › England (United Kingdom)
  • 6786.1

Bibliotheca Walleriana. The books illustrating the history of medicine and science and bequeathed to the library of the Royal University of Uppsala. 2 vols.

Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1955.

Details 23,000 printed items, including 150 incunabula. The catalogue does not include Erik Waller’s vast collection of autographs and manuscripts also preserved in Uppsala.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Physicians' / Scientists' Libraries
  • 6581.2

Bibliographia medica Croatica. Hrvatska medicinska bibliografija. 2 vols.

Zagreb, Croatia: Jugoslovenske Akad. Znanosti i Umjelnosti u Zagrebu, 19551970.

Croatian medical, pharmaceutical and veterinary bibliography; Dio 1, Sr. I, 1470-1875; Sr. II, 1875-1918.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Croatia, PHARMACOLOGY › History of Pharmacology & Pharmaceuticals, VETERINARY MEDICINE
  • 6604.6

An annotated bibliography of the history of medicine in Australia.

Glebe, Australia: Australasian Medical Publishing Co., 1955.

Revised and enlarged as An annotated bibliography of the history of medicine and health in Australia. Sydney, Royal Australian College of Physicians, 1984. With A. Holster and S. Simpson.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Australia
  • 5264.3

Man’s mastery of malaria.

London: Oxford University Press, 1955.

Heath Clark Lectures, 1953.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Mosquito-Borne Diseases › Malaria › History of Malaria
  • 6928

The crystal structure of the hexacarboxylic acid derived from B12 and the molecular structure of the vitamin.

Nature, 176, 325-8, 1955.

The final structure of vitamin B12. With J. Pickworth, J.H. Robertson, K.N. Trueblood, R.J. Prosen, J. G. White.  

In 1964 Hodgkin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances."

See also No. 12635.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › X-Ray Crystallography, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Chemistry (selected), NUTRITION / DIET › Vitamins, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 7757

The serum lipoprotein transport system in health, metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.

Plasma, 2, 413-484, 1955.

Gofman, a nuclear and physical chemist as well as a physician, has been called the "father of clinical lipidology." He discovered and described the major classes of plasma lipoproteins: intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), as well as VLD (very low density lipoprotein). He characterized LDL as carrier of "bad cholesterol" leading to atherosclerosis; however he did not find that higher levels of HDL have predictive value as "good cholesterol".  He drew attention to VLDL as risk factor, noting that diabetics are frequently marked by higher VLDL levels, and also noted the rise in atherogenic lipoproteins at much earlier age in men than women. This is a long review of research conducted by Gofman and his team from 1949 to 1955; it footnotes 31 previously published papers by Gofman and associates. With O. DeLalla, F. Glazier, M.K. Freeman, A.V. Nicholas, B. Strisower, and A. R. Tamplin. This paper was reprinted with an historical introduction by Richard J. Havel, in Journal of Clinical Lipidology I (2007) 104-141.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arterial Disease, CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Coronary Artery Disease, Lipidology, NUTRITION / DIET
  • 7913

VESALIUS: Official Journal of the International Society for the History of Medicine. 1-

1955.

Past issues may be viewed at: http://www.vesalius.org.uk/issues/past-issues.

 



Subjects: DIGITAL RESOURCES › Digital or Digitized Periodicals Online, Periodicals Specializing in the History of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 8329

Asclepiades, his life and writings: A translation of Cocchi's life of Asclepiades and Gumpert's fragments of Asclepiades, by Robert Montraville Green.

New Haven, CT: Elizabeth Licht, 1955.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Hellenistic, ANCIENT MEDICINE › Roman Empire, PHYSICAL MEDICINE / REHABILITATION › Physical Therapy, THERAPEUTICS › Hydrotherapy
  • 8391

The Ramesseum papyri. Edited by Sir Alan Gardiner. 2 vols.

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955.

A collection of ancient Egyptian medical documents from the early 18th century BCE, found in the temple of the Ramesseum. As with most ancient Egyptian medical papyri, these documents mainly concern ailments, diseases, the structure of the body, and supposed remedies used to heal these afflictions; specifically  namely ophthalmologic ailments, gynaecology, muscles, tendons, and diseases of children. It is the only well-known papyrus to describe these in great detail. Papyrus IV deals with issues similar to the Kahun Gynecological Papyrus, such as labor, the protection of the newborn, ways to predict the likelihood of its survival, and ways to predict which gender the newborn will be. It also contains a contraception formula.Papyrus V contains numerous prescriptions dealing with the relaxation of limbs, written in hieroglyphic script, rather than hieratic script.

 



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Medical Papyri, Contraception , OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › GYNECOLOGY, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS, OPHTHALMOLOGY , PEDIATRICS
  • 8873

Textes Grecs inédits relatifs aux plantes.

Paris: Société d'Edition Les Belles Lettres, 1955.

Previously unpublished ancient Greek textes on botany, with French translations. 



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece, BOTANY, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 9027

The Pan American Saintary Bureau: Half a century of health activities 1902-1954.

Washington, DC: Pan American Sanitary Bureau, 1955.

Digital facsimile from the Pan American Health Organization at this link.



Subjects: Global Health, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine, PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 9037

Biographical memoirs of fellows of the Royal Society.

London: The Royal Society, 1955.

http://rsbm.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/by/year/royobits

 "November 1955 
 
"Obituaries of Royal Society Fellows first appeared in 1830, in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Initially obituaries were read at the Anniversary meeting and were printed within the record of that meeting. From 1859 they appeared in a separate section at the back.

"Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society were published from 1932 as a continuation of these tributes. They then developed from being relatively short, traditional obituaries to biographical essays of record. This change was duly recognized by a change of title to Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society in 1955, when the new annual carried life studies of Albert EinsteinEnrico Fermi and Alan Turing.

"Content since 1932 can be browsed below. To find specific obituaries we recommend using the ‘Advanced Search’ and entering the Fellow’s name in the ‘Title’ box. For more information and search tips please visit our information for readers page, which outlines where all obituaries published since 1830 can be found."

 

 



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Reference Works Digitized and Online, BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works), DIGITAL RESOURCES › Digital or Digitized Periodicals Online
  • 9103

A study of abortion in primitive societies. A typological, distributional, and dynamic analysis of the prevention of birth in 400 preindustrial societies.

New York: The Julian Press, 1955.


Subjects: ANTHROPOLOGY › Medical Anthropology, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS › Abortion, SEXUALITY / Sexology
  • 9221

Medical Department, United States Army. Preventive medicine in World War II. Editor in chief John Boyd Coates, Jr. Editor for Preventive medicine Ebbe Curtis Hoff. 9 vols.

Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, 19551969.

Digital facsimile of vols. 2-9 from the Hathi Trust at this link. (When I created this entry in March 2017 it was unclear whether vol. 1 was ever published.)



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 9222

Medical Department, United States Army. United States Army Dental Service in World War II.

Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, 1955.

Digital text from U.S. Army Medical Department Office of Medical History at this link.



Subjects: DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 9420

A short history of medicine.

Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955.

Revised and expanded edition with a Foreward and Concluding Essay by Charles Rosenberg (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016).



Subjects: History of Medicine: General Works, Social or Sociopolitical Histories of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 9593

Noord- en Zuidnederlandse Stedelijke Pharmacopeeën.

Mortsel-Bij-Antwerpen, Belgium: Drukkerij-Uitgeverij Itico N.V. & Joppe, Netherlands: N. V. Uitgeverij Littera Scripta Manet, 1955.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, PHARMACOLOGY › History of Pharmacology & Pharmaceuticals
  • 10153

Histoire illustrée de la médecine vétérinaire. 2 vols.

Paris: Albin Michel, 1955.


Subjects: VETERINARY MEDICINE › History of Veterinary Medicine
  • 10249

Medical support of the Army Air Forces in World War II.

Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, USAF, 1955.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › Air Force, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 10852

The epidemic of 1830-1833 in California and Oregon.

Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1955.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY › History of Epidemiology, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › California, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Oregon
  • 10994

Diseases of the liver and biliary system.

Oxford: Blackwell, 1955.

13th edition, 2018.

"In 1959 she [Sherlock] became the United Kingdom's first ever female Professor of Medicine when she was appointed at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in London. She founded the liver unit which was located in a temporary wooden structure on the roof of the hospital in Gray’s Inn Road. Despite its location, the department attracted trainees from around the world, and many current leaders in the field of hepatology spent time there. Research in several different areas of liver disease was undertaken: including; bilirubin metabolism, haemochromatosischolestasisdrug-induced liver diseasealbumin synthesis, portal hypertension and ascites, autoimmune liver disease and its treatment with corticosteroids, and the use of liver biopsy in the diagnosis of liver disease were all studied. In 1974 the department moved to the new hospital in Hampstead, where it was situated close to the clinical wards, on the 10th floor. Research continued there, with viral hepatitis, liver transplantation and endoscopic treatment of varices all becoming important areas of study" (Wikipedia article on Sheila Sherlock).



Subjects: HEPATOLOGY › Diseases of the Liver, HEPATOLOGY › Diseases of the Liver › Portal Hypertension, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 2000 -
  • 10995

Intracardiac surgery with the aid of a mechanical pump oxygenator system (Gibbon type): Report of eight cases.

Proc. Staff Meetings of the Mayo Clinic, 30, 201-6, 1955.

Co-authored with JW Dushane, RT Patrick, DE Donald, PS Hetzel and EH Wood,

"Kirklin refined the heart-lung machine (screen type) originally developed by Gibbon, to the point that it allowed the person to receive oxygenated blood, temporarily providing a blood free environment to work on the heart.[11][12][13] In 1954, Kirklin's rival, C. Walton Lillehei used the technique of cross circulation to operate on an 11-month-old baby who died on the 11th day after surgery. Usually using the parent for cross circulation, he performed 45 operations of ventricular septal defects (VSDs), ASDs and tetralogy of Fallot. 30 survived and 20 were still alive 50 years later.[10]

"Following the experimental trial in dogs, which by 1955 had demonstrated a 90% survival following heart-lung bypass, Kirklin's team were granted permission by the governance of the Mayo Clinic to go ahead with a clinical trial in eight children, using the machine. In March 1955, the first child survived a repair of a VSD.[9] In this planned series of clinical cases, a 50% survival was reported. This was the first clinical series of open heart surgeries performed with a mechanical pump-oxygenator. Prior to this, the conditions were predominantly fatal. He therefore performed the world’s first successful series of open heart operations using the heart-lung machine. The Board of Governors at the Mayo Clinic approved the first eight operations, of which 4 (50%) survived.[11]

As a result, open heart surgeries and repairs of some heart defects could be performed under direct vision routinely and with a high degree of success. Kirklin's modifications and team work also allowed repairs of tetralogy of Fallot.[6][7][10][11] "(Wikipedia article on John W. Kirklin, accessed 10-2019).



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Heart-Lung Machine, Pediatric Surgery
  • 11468

Vancomycin, a new antibiotic. I. Chemical and biologic properties.

Antibiot. Ann., 3, 606-611, 1955.

Edmund Kornfeld, an organic chemist working at Eli Lilly, first isolated Vancomycin in 1953 from a soil sample collected from the interior jungles of Borneo by a missionary, Rev. William M. Bouw (1918-2006). The organism that produced it was eventually named Amycolatopsis orientalis.[21] The original purpose for Vancomycin was the treatment of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

McGuire and colleagues published several following parts in this study: 

"Vancomycin, a new antibiotic.II. In vitro antibacterial studies." Antibiot. Ann., 3 (1955-56) 612-18.

The antibiotic was purified in 1958:

R.M. Higgins, W.H. Harrison, G.M. Wild, H.R. Wild, M.H. McCormick."Vancomycin, a new antibiotic. VI. Purification and properties of vancomycin," Antibiot. Ann., 5, 906-14.

See Donald P. Levine, "Vancomycin: A history," Clin. Infect. Dis., 42 (2006) Suppl. 1, S5-12.

 

 

 



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 11547

Surgery of the heart.

Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1955.

This 1062-page volume was the first textbook of modern cardiovascular surgery.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 11577

Cardiovascular surgery: Studies in physiology, diagnosis and techniques. Proceedings of the symposium held at Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, March, 1955. Edited by Conrad R. Lam.

Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1955.

This symposium was a foundational work in the history of cardiovascular surgery. It included contributions by most of the pioneers of the closed and open-heart procedures that revolutionaized the care of children and adults with cardiovascular disease.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 12458

The lung: Clinical physiology and pulmonary function tests.

Chicago, IL: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1955.

Comroe and associates at the University of Pennsylvania introduced pulmonary function tests developed by physiologists into clinical practice. Comroe invented several of the tests described in the book.



Subjects: PULMONOLOGY, RESPIRATION › Respiratory Physiology
  • 12911

Index of dental and adjacent topics in medical and surgical works before 1800.

Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1955.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Dentistry, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry
  • 13140

Airborne contagion and air hygiene: An ecological study of droplet infections.

Cambridge, MA: Published for the Commonwealth Fund by Harvard University Press, 1955.

"In 1954, Wells began a long-term experiment to demonstrate that tuberculosis could be transmitted through air. At the VA Hospital in Baltimore, collaborating with Riley, John Barnwell, and Cretyl C. Mills, he built a chamber for 150 guinea pigs to be exposed to air from infectious patients in a nearby TB ward. After two years, they found that an average of three guinea pigs a month were indeed infected. Although this was exactly the rate Wells had predicted, skeptics complained that other methods of transmission (such as the animals' food and water) had not been conclusively ruled out. A second long-term study was begun, this time with a second chamber for an additional 150 guinea pigs, whose air was sterilized with UVGI. The animals in the second room did not become ill, proving that the only transmission vector in the first room was the air from the tuberculosis ward. The study was completed in 1961, and published in 1962, though Wells did not see the final paper.[1]"(Wikipedia article William F. Wells, accessed 2-2021)



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › GENERAL PRINCIPLES of Infection by Microorganisms
  • 13685

A small particulate component of the cytoplasm.

J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol., 1, 59-68, 1955.

Palade first described the association of what were subsequently determined to ribosomes with membranes. He and Keith Porter subsequently named this structure the endoplasmic reticulum. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.

In 1974 Palade shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Albert Claude and Christian de Duve "for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell."



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Cell Biology, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 13954

The structure of collagen.

Nature, 176, 915-916, 1955.

Rich and Crick solved the structure of collagen, the main structural protein in the extracellular matrix found in the body's various connective tissues. As the main component of connective tissue, it is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up from 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content. Collagen consists of amino acids bound together to form a triple helix of elongated fibril known as a collagen helix
See also:
Rich, Alexander - Crick, Francis H.C. The Structure of Collagen. 1957. Offprint from "Recent Advances in Gelatin and Glue Research" (Pergamon Press: London, 1957), the Proceedings of a Conference sponsored by the British Gelatine and Glue Research Association and held at the University of Cambridge, 1-5 July 1957, pp. 20-24.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure
  • 14001

Structure of tobacco mosaic virus.

Nature, 175, 379-381, 1955.

The first discovery of the geometry of a protein structure. Franklin, whose X-ray photographs of DNA were crucial to Watson and Crick's discovery of the molecule's double helix structure in 1953, began researching the molecular structure of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) after moving from King's College to Birkbeck College in mid-1953. Between 1953 and her death in 1958, Franklin and her team of researchers made significant advances in knowledge of the virus's molecular structure, beginning with the present paper announcing her discovery, based on her X-ray photographs, that the rod-shaped TMV units are all the same length and that they are made up of identical protein subunits. Preceding Perutz and Kendrew's mapping of the structures of myoglobin and hemoglobin by several years, this was the first discovery of the geometry of a protein structure.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Virgaviridae › Tobacco Mosaic Virus
  • 14036

Old English silver and its medical interest. Presidential Address, Liverpool Medical Institution, 14th October 1954.

Liverpool: Samuel Hill and Reader Ltd., 1955.

Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link.



Subjects: INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › History of Biomedical Instrumentation
  • 14312

The maser - new type of microwave amplifier, frequency standard, and spectrometer.

Physical Review, 99, 1264-1274, 1955.

In 1964 Townes shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov and Alexandr Mihailovich Prokhorov "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle."

Order of authorship in the original publication: Gordon, Zeiger, Townes.



Subjects: INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Surgical Instruments › Lasers, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physics (selected)
  • 86.4

Collected papers of Paul Ehrlich. Compiled and edited by F. Himmelweit. 3 vols.

London: Pergamon Press, 19561960.

Vol. I: Histology, biochemistry, and pathology, Vol. 2: Immunology and cancer research; Vol. 3: Chemotherapy. Most texts are in German. English translations are also published when available. The set includes new English translations of a few items. Volume 4, intended to contain Ehrlich’s collected letters and a complete bibliography, was never published. See M.M. Marquardt’s Paul Ehrlich, 1949, and E. Bäumler’s, Paul Ehrlich, scientist for life, G. Edwards transl., [1984].



Subjects: ANATOMY › Microscopic Anatomy (Histology), BIOCHEMISTRY, Collected Works: Opera Omnia, IMMUNOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, MICROBIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY › Chemotherapy
  • 752.4

Enzymic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 21, 197-98, 1956.

In 1959 Kornberg shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Severo Ochoa "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid."

Order of authorship in the original publication: Bessman, Kornberg, Lehman, Simms.



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 1671.2

A short history of public health.

London: Churchill, 1956.

2nd edition, 1966.



Subjects: PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 1947.3

Mitomycin, a new antibiotic from streptomyces.

J. Antibiot. (A)., 9, 141-6, 1956.

Isolation of mitomycin C, effective in Hodgkin’s disease and lymphoma. With six co-authors.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Lymphoma, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2442.2

Clinical trials of diphenyl thiourea compound SU 1906 (Ciba 1509E) in the treatment of leprosy. Progress during the first year.

Leprosy Rev., 27, 94-111, 1956.

Introduction of diphenylthiourea (thiambutosine) therapy.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Leprosy, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Anti-Leprosy Drugs
  • 2353.1

Freeze-dried B.C.G. vaccination of newborn infants with a British vaccine.

Brit. med. J., 2, 565-8, 1956.

Freeze-dried B.C.G. vaccine.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, IMMUNOLOGY › Vaccines, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Tuberculosis, PEDIATRICS, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 2527.2

Propagation in tissue culture of a cytopathogenic virus from human salivary gland virus (SGV) disease.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med., 92, 424-30, 1956.

Isolation of cytomegalovirus



Subjects: VIROLOGY, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 3047.8

Homologous aortic-valve-segment transplants as surgical treatment for aortic and mitral insufficiency.

Angiology, 7, 466-71, 1956.

First successful aortic valve homograft. For report of six-year follow-up, see A. J. Kerwin, et al., New Engl. J. Med.,1962, 266,852.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Aortic Diseases, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 3047.9

A simple, expendable, artificial oxygenator for open heart surgery.

Surg. Clin. North America, 36, 1025-34, 1956.

DeWall bubble oxygenator. With six co-authors.



Subjects: CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES
  • 3160.1

Classics in arterial hypertension.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1956.


Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Hypertension (High Blood Pressure), CARDIOLOGY › History of Cardiology
  • 2578.17

Infectivity of ribonucleic acid from tobacco mosaic virus.

Nature (Lond.), 177, 702-03, 1956.

Proof that nucleic acid produces infectivity. See also Z. Naturf., 1956, 11b, 138-42.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, IMMUNOLOGY, VIROLOGY › VIRUSES (by Family) › Virgaviridae › Tobacco Mosaic Virus
  • 2578.18

The bursa of Fabricius and antibody production in the domestic fowl.

Poultry Sci., 35, 224-25, 1956.

The relationship of the bursa of Fabricius to antibody formation was discovered by Glick, T. S. Chang, and R. G. Jaap. Its removal in early life led to inability to produce antibodies.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2578.19

Autoantibodies in Hashimoto’s disease (lymphadenoid goitre).

Lancet, 2, 820-21, 1956.

Demonstration of autoantibodies. With P. N. Campbell, and R. V. Hudson.



Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY › Thyroid , IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2578.20
  • 3855.3

Studies on organ specificity. IV. Production of rabbit thyroid antibodies in the rabbit.

J. Immunol., 76, 408-16, 1956.

Autoimmune thyroiditis



Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY › Thyroid , IMMUNOLOGY
  • 3978.2

Über die orale Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus mit N-(4-Methyl-Benzolsulfonyl)-N’Butyl-Harnstoff (D 860).

Dtsch. med. Wschr. 81, 823-46, 1956.

A Symposium on tolbutamide, introduced by H. Maske.



Subjects: Metabolism & Metabolic Disorders › Diabetes
  • 4257

Successful homotransplantation of the human kidney between identical twins.

J. Amer. med. Assoc., 160, 277-82, 1956.

This was the first successful kidney transplant. The patient, both of whose own kidneys had been removed, was alive 11 months after the transplant. With Warren R. Guild. See No. 4256.1.

In 1990 Joseph Murray shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with E. Donnall Thomas (No. 13594) "for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease.”

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for pointing out that this paper was the work for which Joseph Murray was awarded the Nobel Prize.)



Subjects: NEPHROLOGY › Renal Disease › Renal Transplantation, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , TRANSPLANTATION
  • 4257.1

Further developments of a coil kidney. Disposable artificial kidney.

J. Lab. clin. Med., 47, 969-77, 1956.

Disposable twin coil kidney.



Subjects: INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Disease › Dialysis
  • 5729.2

The human cardiovascular response to fluothane.

Brit J. Anaesth, 28, 392-410, 1956.

Clinical introduction of halothane (“fluothane”).



Subjects: ANESTHESIA
  • 5729.3

The action of fluothane–a new volatile anaesthetic.

Brit J. Pharmacol., 11, 394-410, 1956.

Halothane (“fluothane”) a non-inflammable and non-irritant anesthetic, was synthesized by C. W. Suckling at the I.C.I. Laboratories in Manchester.



Subjects: ANESTHESIA
  • 5019

Grosse Nervenärzte. 3 vols.

Stuttgart: G. Thieme, 19561963.


Subjects: NEUROLOGY › History of Neurology
  • 6485

The public physicians of ancient Greece. (Smith College Studies in History, Vol. XLII.)

Northampton, MA: Smith College, 1956.

Re-examination of the question of whether the public physicians employed by the Greek city-states derived their entire income from their salaried positions and thus provided free medical care or whether they received fees for their individual medical services.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece › History of Ancient Medicine in Greece, ECONOMICS, BIOMEDICAL › History of Biomedical Economics
  • 6569.2

Istoriia vseobshchei i otechestvennoi meditsiny i zdravookhraneniia: Bibliografiia (996-1954). Edited by B. D. Petrov.

Moscow: Medgiz, 1956.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Russia
  • 6603.1

Historia de la medicina en Bolivia.

La Paz, Bolivia: Ediciones Juventud, 1956.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Bolivia, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 256.5

The chromosome number in man.

Hereditas (Lund), 42, 1-6, 1956.

Proof that the normal chromosome number in man is 46.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Cell Biology, GENETICS / HEREDITY
  • 7238

Botanical exploration of the trans-Mississippi West 1790-1850.

Jamaica Plains, MA: Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, 1956.

Reprinted with a new introduction and bibliographical supplement by Stephen Dow Beckham, Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press, 1991.



Subjects: BOTANY › History of Botany, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States , COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American West, VOYAGES & Travels by Physicians, Surgeons & Scientists › History of Voyages & Travels by Physicians....
  • 7418

Lincoln's fifth wheel: the political history of the U. S. Sanitary Commission.

New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1956.


Subjects: American (U.S.) CIVIL WAR MEDICINE › History of U.S. Civil War Medicine, Social or Sociopolitical Histories of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 7782

Preliminary communication: Malignant disease in childhood and diagnostic irradiation in-utero.

Lancet, 2, 447, 1956.

Stewart was one of the earliest to study the effect of prenatal X-rays, later replaced by ultrasound. She found that the children of mothers who received these X-rays were almost twice as likely to develop leukemia or cancer as other children. With J.W. Webb, B.D. Giles, and D. Hewitt. Stewart's follow-up paper was "A survey of childhood malignancies," British Medical Journal, 2 (1958) 1495-1508., with J.W. Webb and D. Hewitt.

 



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Leukemia, TOXICOLOGY › Radiation Exposure, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 8020

The Medical Department: Hospitalization and evacuation, zone of interior. The U. S. Army in World War II: The technical services.

Washington, DC: Defense Dept., Army Center for Military History, 1956.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II
  • 8346

I codici di medicina del periodo presalernitano (secoli IX, X e XI).

Rome: Edizioni de Storia e Letteratura, 1956.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Manuscripts & Philology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Italy, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › History of Medieval Medicine
  • 8651

Medicine and magic of the Mashona.

Cape Town: Juta and Company, 1956.


Subjects: ANTHROPOLOGY › Medical Anthropology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Zimbabwe, TRADITIONAL, Folk or Indigenous Medicine
  • 8933

Morão, Rosa & Pimenta; notícia dos três primeiros livros em vernáculo sôbre a medicina no Brasil. Estudo crítico de Gilberto Osório de Andrade. Introduções históricas, interpretações e notas de Eustáquio Duarte. Pref. de Gilberto Freyre.

Recife, Brazil: Arquivo Público Estadual, Pernambuco, 1956.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Brazil, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 8957

Lexique des termes de botanique en latin.

Paris: C. Klincksieck, 1956.


Subjects: BOTANY › History of Botany, Dictionaries, Biomedical › Lexicography, Biomedical
  • 9367

Soranus' Gynecology. Translated by Owsei Temkin with the assistance of Nicolson J. Eastman, Ludwig Edelstein, and Alan F. Guttmacher.

Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1956.


Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › GYNECOLOGY, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS, PEDIATRICS
  • 10326

The history of medical education in Indiana

Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1956.


Subjects: U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Indiana
  • 12518

Avicenne, Poème de la médecine, Urgūza fi' t-tibb, Cantica Avicennae.

Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1956.


Subjects: MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Persian Islamic Medicine
  • 14065

Character displacement.

Systematic Zoology, 5, 49-64, 1956.

In this paper Brown and Wilson defined character displacement as follows: "Two closely related species have overlapping ranges. In the parts of the ranges where one species occurs alone, the populations of that species are similar to the other species and may even be very difficult to distinguish from it. In the area of overlap, where the two species occur together, the populations are more divergent and easily distinguished, i.e., they 'displace' one another in one or more characters. The characters involved can be morphological, ecological, behavioral, or physiological; they are assumed to be genetically based."



Subjects: EVOLUTION
  • 1092.52

A history of nutrition.

Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1957.


Subjects: NUTRITION / DIET › History of Nutrition / Diet
  • 436

Nomina anatomica Parisiensia (1955) and B.N.A. (1895).

Utrecht: Oosthoek, 1957.

Includes historical sketch of the systems of anatomical nomenclature.



Subjects: ANATOMY › 20th Century, ANATOMY › History of Anatomy
  • 4729.1

Degenerative disease of the central nervous system in New Guinea. The endemic occurrence of “Kuru” in the native population.

New Engl. J. Med., 257, 974-78, 1957.

First description of Kuru, a disease occurring in natives of New Guinea. Cause of the disease was unknown.

"It is now widely accepted that kuru was transmitted among members of the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea via funerary cannibalism. Deceased family members were traditionally cooked and eaten, which was thought to help free the spirit of the dead.[4] Women and children usually consumed the brain, the organ in which infectious prions were most concentrated, thus allowing for transmission of kuru. The disease was therefore more prevalent among women and children" (Wikipedia article on Kuru, accessed 12-2019).

 



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Papua New Guinea, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Prion Diseases, NEUROLOGY › Degenerative Disorders
  • 2188

Medicine and the navy, 1200-1900. 4 vols.

Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone Ltd., 19571963.

Vols. 3-4 by C. Lloyd and J. L. S. Coulter.



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine
  • 752.5

The nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes. Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1955. In: Festschrift Arthur Stoll, pp. 35-47.

Basel: Birkhäuser, 1957.

In 1955 Theorell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries relating to the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes." 



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 1947.4

Production and isolation of a new antibiotic, kanamycin.

J. Antibiotics Japan, Ser. A, 10, 181-88, 1957.

With nine co-authors.



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics
  • 2419.1

Reiter protein complement fixation test for syphilis.

Publ. Hlth. Rep. (Wash.)., 72, 335-40, 1957.

See also H. Reiter, Brit. J. vener. Dis., 1960, 36, 18-20.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES › Syphilis
  • 2419.2

A fluorescent test for treponemal antibodies.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y), 96, 477-80, 1957.

Fluorescent treponemal antibody test. With V. H. Falcone and A. Harris.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES › Syphilis
  • 1766.606

The evolution of medical education in the nineteenth century.

London: Oxford University Press, 1957.

Covers medical education in England.



Subjects: Education, Biomedical, & Biomedical Profession › History of Biomedical Education & Medical Profession
  • 2660.9

Fluorinated pyrimidines, a new class of tumour-inhibitory compounds.

Nature (Lond.), 179, 663-6, 1957.

Synthesis of 5-fluorouracil. With eight co-authors.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER
  • 2660.10

The induction of neoplasms with a substance released from mouse tumors by tissue culture.

Virology, 3, 380-400, 1957.

Isolation of polymavirus (papovavirus). With B. E. Eddy, A. M. Gochenour, N. G. Borgese, and G E. Grubbs.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, VIROLOGY, WOMEN in Medicine & the Life Sciences, Publications About
  • 2681

Progress in the techniques of soft tissue examination by 15 MC pulsed ultrasound. In: Ultrasound in biology and medicine, ed. E. Kelly, pp. 30-48.

Washington, DC: American Institute of Biological Sciences, 1957.


Subjects: IMAGING › Sonography (Ultrasound)
  • 3155.1

Gene mutations in human haemoglobin: the chemical difference between normal and sickle cell haemoglobin.

Nature (Lond.), 180, 326-28, 1957.

Sickle-cell hemoglobin differs from normal hemoglobin by a single amino acid (valine for glutamic acid).



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Blood Disorders › Sickle-Cell Disease, HEMATOLOGY › Anemia & Chlorosis
  • 3161

The story of heart disease.

London: Wm. Dawson, 1957.


Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › History of Cardiology
  • 2578.21

The effects of the continuous re-infusion of lymph and lymphocytes on the output of lymphocytes from the thoracic duct of unanaesthetized rats.

Brit. J. exp. Path., 38, 67-78, 1957.

Gowans’s work, particularly between 1957 and 1962, was mainly responsible for the fusion of studies on the lymphocytes with the mainstream of immunology. The above paper dealt with the recirculation of lymphocytes. See also J. Physiol. (Lond.), 1959, 146, 54-69.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY
  • 2578.22

Virus interference. I. The interferon.

Proc. roy. Soc. B, 147, 258-67, 1957.

Discovery of interferon type I, a protein that interferes with viral replication. "While working together at the NIMR, Lindenmann and Isaacs noticed that if they killed viruses using heat and applied the dead viruses to living cells, those cells became resistant to further infections from live viruses.[2] In 1957, Lindenmann and Isaacs discovered that the cells exposed to the dead viruses secreted a previously unknown substance which blocked future viral infections, which became known as interferon.[2] It was later found that interferons are too toxic for use as general antiviral drugs, but they are used to treat hepatitis C as well as some types of cancer.[2] "( Wikipedia article on Jean Lindenmann, accessed 3-2020).



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Hepatitis, ONCOLOGY & CANCER, VIROLOGY
  • 2578.23

Leukocyte agglutinins in human sera. Correlations between blood transfusions and their development.

Arch. intern. Med., 99, 587-606, 1957.

Leucocyte typing.



Subjects: HEMATOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 2883.2

The contributions of right heart catheterization to physiology and medicine, with some observations on the physiopathology of pulmonary heart disease.

Amer. Heart J., 54, 161-71, 1957.


Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › Interventional Cardiology › Cardiac Catheterization
  • 2883.21

Ultrasonic Doppler method for the inspection of cardiac functions.

J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 29, 1181-85, 1957.

Demonstration of the Doppler shift in the frequency of ultrasound backscattered by moving cardiac structures.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › Tests for Heart & Circulatory Function › Echocardiography › Doppler Echocardiography, IMAGING › Sonography (Ultrasound)
  • 3215.4

Recovery from infants with respiratory illness of a virus related to chimpanzee coryza agent (CCA).

Amer. J. Hyg., 66, 281-90, 1957.

Respiratory syncytial virus. With B. Roizman and R. Myers.



Subjects: RESPIRATION › Respiratory Diseases, VIROLOGY
  • 3978.3

Pharmacological studies of a new oral hypoglycemic drug.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 95, 190-92, 1957.

Phenformin, a biguanide formerly used in diabetes. With L. Freedman and S. L. Shapiro. Clinical report on pp. 193-4.



Subjects: Metabolism & Metabolic Disorders › Diabetes, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS
  • 4154.5

Alopecia mucinosa. Inflammatory plaques with alopecia characterized by root-sheath mucinosis.

Arch. Derm. (Chicago), 76, 419-26, 1957.

Follicular mucinosis.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › Specific Dermatoses
  • 4405.01

Atlas of arthroscopy.

Tokyo: Igaku Shoin, 1957.

The first atlas of arthroscopy, a major step in gaining wide acceptance of this operating technique. The color illustrations were prepared by an artist as available arthroscopes did not permit color photography. Watanabe was a pupil of Kenji Takagi (1888-1963) who in 1920 designed the first specialized arthroscope. Takagi was the first to use the arthroscope for operations on the inside of knee. However, he did not publish on the subject until 1932. See Clin. Ortho., 1982, 167, 6-8. Watanabe refined and developed the arthroscope. This atlas was co-authored with S. Takeda and H. Ikeuchi. Revised and enlarged second edition with color photographs through the arthroscope, Tokyo, Igaku Shoin, [1969].



Subjects: INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Surgical Instruments › Arthroscope, ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Surgery & Treatments › Knee
  • 5991.1

Studies on the etiology of trachoma with special reference to isolation of the virus in chick embryo.

Chinese med. J., 75, 429-47, 1957.

Isolation of trachoma agent, Chlamydia trachomatis. With H. L. Chang, Y. T. Huang, and K. C. Wang.



Subjects: OPHTHALMOLOGY , VIROLOGY
  • 5436.1

The adoption of inoculation for smallpox in England and France.

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1957.

The appendices contain the early histories of inoculation, a list of German doctoral dissertations on inoculation 1720-52, and a bibliography.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Smallpox › History of Smallpox
  • 6650.2

Women doctors of the world.

New York: Macmillan, 1957.


Subjects: WOMEN in Medicine & the Life Sciences, Publications About, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 6663

MEDICAL HISTORY. 1-

London, 1957.

The latest issue may be viewed at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/medical-history/latest-issue. Vols. 1-60 (1957-2016) are archived at PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: DIGITAL RESOURCES › Digital or Digitized Periodicals Online, Periodicals Specializing in the History of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 6603.2

Historia y medicina; figuras y hechos de la historiografia médica mexicana.

México: Imprenta Universitaria, 1957.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Mexico, Historiography of Medicine & the Life Sciences , Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine
  • 7386

The path of carbon in photosynthesis.

Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1957.

Discovery of the Calvin cycle, also known as the Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle, or reductive pentose phosphate cycle or C3 cycle — a series of biochemical redox reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplast in photosyntheticorganisms. This is also known as the light-independent reactions. The series of discoveries were first reported in a series of 21 papers from 1948 to 1954. The first, with Andrew. A. Benson was "The path of carbon in photosynthesis", Science, 107 (1948) 476-480. The last, with J. A. Bassham, A. A. Benson , L. D. Kay, A. Z. Harris, and A.T. Wilson was "The path of carbon in photosynthesis XXI. The cyclic regeneration of carbon dioxide acceptor in photosynthesis," J. Am. Chem. Soc.,76 (1954)1760--1770. See Melvin Calvin 1911-1996, A biographical memoir by Glenn T. Seaborg and Andrew A. Benson, Washington, D.C. National Academies Press, 1998.

In 1961 Calvin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants."



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY › Ecology / Environment, BIOLOGY › Ecology / Environment › Photosynthesis, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Chemistry (selected)
  • 7404

The vertebrate visual system. Edited by Heinrich Klüver.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1957.


Subjects: OPHTHALMOLOGY › Physiology of Vision, PHYSIOLOGY › Comparative Physiology
  • 8586

Johannes Brahms and Theodor Billroth: Letters from a musical friendship, edited by Georg Fischer. Translated and edited by Hans Barkan.

Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1957.

Billroth was a talented pianist and violinist who seriously considered becoming a professional musician before he became a surgeon. 

"In 1865 he [Billroth] met Brahms for the first time when the rising composer and pianist played Robert Schumann's piano concerto and his own works in Zurich. After Billroth had moved to Vienna in 1867 they became close friends and shared many musical insights. Brahms frequently sent Billroth his original manuscripts in order to get his opinion before publication, and Billroth participated as a musician in trial rehearsals of many of Brahms' chamber works before their first performances. Brahms dedicated his first two string quartets, Opus 51, to Billroth.

"Billroth and Brahms, together with the acerbic and influential Viennese music critic Eduard Hanslick, formed the core of the musical conservatives who opposed the innovations of Richard Wagner and Franz Liszt. In the conflict, known as the War of the Romantics, Billroth supported Brahms, but was always fair and measured in his comments. "Wagner was indeed a very considerable talent in many directions," he wrote in 1888.[11]

"Billroth started an essay called "Wer ist musikalisch?" ("Who is musical?"), which was published posthumously by Hanslick. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply scientific methods to musicality. In the essay, Billroth identifies different types of amusicality (tone deafness, rhythm-deafness and harmony-deafness) that suggest some of the different cognitive skills involved in the perception of music. Billroth died in OpatijaAustria-Hungary, before he could complete the research" (Wikipedia article on Theodor Billroth, accessed 3-2020).

This English translation is the best edition, translated from Fischer's Briefe von Theodor Billroth (1895). Digital facsimile of the 1895 edition from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: Music and Medicine
  • 8669

Industrial medicine in western Pennsylvania, 1850-1950.

Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1957.

Probably the first history of occupational medicine in any part of the United States. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States , COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American Northeast, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & MEDICINE › History of Occupational Health & Medicine, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Pennsylvania
  • 8736

Some account of the Pennsylvania Hospital from its first rise to the beginning of the year 1938. by Francis R. Packard. Second printing with a continuation of the account to the year 1956.

Philadelphia, 1957.


Subjects: HOSPITALS › History of Hospitals, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Pennsylvania, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 9272

Medicinal uses of plants by Indian tribes of Nevada. Contributions toward a flora of Nevada. No. 45. Revised edition, with summary of pharmacological research by W. Andrew Archer, Nov. 26, 1957.

Beltsville, MD: Plant Industry Station, 1957.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link. (First published in 1941.)



Subjects: BOTANY › Ethnobotany, NATIVE AMERICANS & Medicine, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Materia medica / Herbals / Herbal Medicines, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Nevada
  • 9726

Drug reactions, enzymes and biochemical genetics.

J. Am. Med. Assoc., 165, 835-837., 1957.

Motulsky clearly stated that inheritance might explain many individual differences in the efficacy of drugs and in the occurence of adverse drug reactions. 



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY, GENETICS / HEREDITY › GENETIC DISORDERS, PHARMACOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY › Pharmacogenetics
  • 10282

Medicine in Chicago, 1850-1950: A chapter in the social and scientific development of a city.

American History Research Center, 1957.

Second edition, Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1991.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American Midwest, Social or Sociopolitical Histories of Medicine & the Life Sciences, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Illinois
  • 10322

A Medical chronicle of New York State: Being a compendium of historic developments and events during the past 150 years, published on the occasion of the sesquicentennial of the Medical Society of the State of New York.

Easton, PA: Medical Society of the State of New York, 1957.


Subjects: Societies and Associations, Medical, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › New York
  • 10886

Piroplasmosis in man: Report on a case.

Doc. Med. Geog. Trop., 9, 11-16, 1957.

Order of authorship in the original paper was Škrabalo, Deanovic. First report of a case of babesiosis in a human, in this case an immunocompromised patient in Zagreb, (now Croatia). Piroplasmosis is another term for babesiosis.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Croatia, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Tick-Borne Diseases › Babesiosis, PARASITOLOGY
  • 10993

A navy surgeon in California 1846-1847. The journal of Marius Duvall. Edited by Fred Blackburn Rogers.

San Francisco, CA: John Howell, 1957.


Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › Navy, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › California
  • 11282

Messrs. Carey & Lea of Philadelphia: A study in the history of the booktrade.

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1957.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Medical Publishers, Histories of
  • 11362

The principles and art of plastic surgery. 2 vols.

Boston & Toronto: Little, Brown, 1957.


Subjects: PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
  • 11653

A history of luminescence: From the earliest times until 1900.

Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1957.

A history of bioluminescence, the production and emission of light by living organisms.



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY › Bioluminescence, BIOLOGY › History of Biology
  • 11944

Introduction to the book of Asaph the Physician: The oldest existing text of a medical book written in Hebrew.

Jerusalem, 1957.

See also, Muntner, "The antiquity of Asaph the Physician and his editorshoip of the earliest Hebrew book of medicine," Bull. Hist. Med., 25 (1951) 101-131.



Subjects: Jews and Medicine › History of Jews and Medicine, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Jewish Medicine
  • 12450

Cyclic variation in EEG during sleep and their relation to eye movements, body motility and dreaming.

Electroencephalography & Clin. Neurophysiol., 9, 673-690, 1957.

The authors conducted the first intensive study of the relationship between rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and dreaming.



Subjects: NEUROLOGY › Sleep Physiology & Medicine
  • 12633

The total synthesis of penicillin V.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 29, 1262-1263, 1957.

Sheehan and Henery-Logan reported the step by step synthesis of penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) and the cyclization of the beta lactam ring, key to creation of beta-lactam antibiotics.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antibiotics › Penicillin
  • 13097

Nucleic acids.

Scientific American, 197, No. 3, 188-203, 1957.

This paper published in September 1957, based on Crick's famous "Central Dogma" lecture given the same month, presented his first published statement of The Central Dogma: “Information is transmitted from DNA and RNA to proteins, but information cannot flow from a protein to DNA. See GM 6895.  



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Synthesis
  • 13471

Chronic thyroiditis and autoimmunization.

J. Am. Med. Assoc., 1645, 1439-47, 1957.

"Witebsky helped develop procedures for the isolation and partial characterization of A and B blood antigens. He also began the practice of neutralization of certain antibodies in the blood of universal blood donors.

"In 1957 he co-authored a paper the "Witebsky's postulates" which determined whether a disease entity could be regarded as an autoimmune disease:[4]

  • Direct demonstration of free circulating antibodies active at body temperature.
  • Recognition of the specific antigen (for this antibody).
  • Production of antibodies against same antigen in experimental animals.
  • Experimental animal demonstrates same tissue changes in human." (Wikipedia article on Ernst Witebsky, accessed 8-2021)


Subjects: ENDOCRINOLOGY › Thyroid , IMMUNOLOGY
  • 13594

Intravenous infusion of bone marrow in patients receiving radiation and chemotherapy.

New Eng. J. Med., 257, 491-496, 1957.

Thomas and colleagues reported the first bone marrow transplants. They described the treatment of six patients with cancers and/leukemia and one patient with multiple myeloma. Three of the patients died, two responded and survived to hospital discharge, and one was still alive on day 53 when the paper was submitted. The paper was intended to describe the procedure, its side effects, its complications and to document the various lab parameters monitored on each patient, and their probable significance and utility when used to monitor the patient post irradiation, chemotherapy and marrow infusion. Order of authorship in the original publication: Thomas, Locte, Lu, et al.

In 1990 Thomas shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Joseph E. Murray "for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease."

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Leukemia, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Multiple Myeloma, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 14250

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-Hydroxytryptophan as reserpine rntagonists.

Nature, 180, 1200 (single page), 1957.

Carlsson demonstrated that dopamine was a neurotransmitter in the brain and not just a precursor for norepinephrine. Digital facsimile from nature.com at this link.

In 2000 Arvid Carlsson shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Paul Greengard and Eric R. Kandel "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system."



Subjects: NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , PHARMACOLOGY › Psychopharmacology
  • 4661.2

St. Louis encephalitis in 1933; observations on epidemiological features.

Publ. Hlth. Rep. (Wash.), 73, 340-53, 1958.

In a report to the Surgeon General in 1933, Lumsden concluded that the Culex mosquito was the vector of the St. Louis encephalitis virus. His report was not published until 1958.



Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Neuroinfectious Diseases › Encephalitis, NEUROLOGY › Inflammatory Conditions, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Missouri, VIROLOGY
  • 2188.1

Doctors in gray: the Confederate Medical Service.

Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1958.


Subjects: American (U.S.) CIVIL WAR MEDICINE › History of U.S. Civil War Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine
  • 1586

The history and philosophy of knowledge of the brain and its functions: an Anglo-American symposium.

Oxford: Blackwell, 1958.


Subjects: NEUROLOGY › History of Neurology, Neurophysiology › History of Neurophysiology
  • 752.6

Studies on polynucleotides. I. A new and general method for the chemical synthesis of the C5'-C3' intemucleotide linkage. Synthesis of deoxyribo-dinucleotides.

J. Amer. chem. Soc., 80, 6212-22, 1958.

In 1968 Khorana shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with R. W. Holley and M. W. Nirenberg "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis."

H. G. Khorana, T. M. Jacob, and S. Nishimura were principally responsible for producing evidence confirming the genetic code.  



Subjects: BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Genetic Code, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Nucleic Acids, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 1671.3

A history of public health.

New York: MD Publications, 1958.


Subjects: PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health
  • 145

The history of biology.

London: Dawsons , 1958.


Subjects: BIOLOGY › History of Biology
  • 1931.6

Enzymatic O-methylation of epinephrine and other catechols.

J. Bio. Chem., 233, 400-401, 1958.
The authors discovered the enzyme "COMT" or cathecol-O-methyltransferase, and determined that it was crucial in the methylation and inactivation of adrenergic and other catecholamine type neurotransmitters.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)

In 1970 Axelrod shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation."



Subjects: NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , Neurophysiology, PHARMACOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Cardiovascular Medications
  • 2660.11

Neuartige Krebs-Chemotherapeutica aus der Gruppe der zyklischen N-Lost-Phosphamidester.

Naturwissenschaften, 45, 64-66, 1958.

Cyclophosphamide. With F. Bourseaux and N. Brock.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Anti-Cancer Drugs
  • 2660.12

A sarcoma involving the jaws in African children.

Brit J. Surg., 46, 218-23, 19581959.

Burkitt’s lymphoma (African lymphoma), first described in detail by Sir Albert Cook, a medical missionary, but not published by him.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Africa, ONCOLOGY & CANCER › Lymphoma, PEDIATRICS, TROPICAL Medicine
  • 2682

Investigation of abdominal masses by pulsed ultrasound.

Lancet, 1, 1188-94, 1958.

Donald, J. MacVicar and T. G. Brown used an ultrasound scanner to investigate the pregnant abdomen (see also No. 6235.1).



Subjects: IMAGING › Sonography (Ultrasound), OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS
  • 3047.11

The treatment of complete heart block by the combined use of a myocardial electrode and artificial pacemaker.

Surg. Forum, 8, 360-63, 1958.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Weirich, Gott, Lillehei. Attachment of a wire to the ventricular epicardium, and bringing it out percutaneously to an external pacemaker. This was a key development leading to the pacemaker industry.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias, CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias › Pacemakers, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Pacemakers
  • 3047.12

Clinical use of an elastic Dacron prosthesis.

Arch. Surg., 77, 538-51, 1958.

Arterial prosthesis. With L. C. France, R. F. Smith, and J. G. Whitcomb.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arterial Disease, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY › Cardiothoracic Prostheses
  • 3558.3

Demonstration of the new gastroscope, the “fiberscope”.

Gastroenterology, 35, 50-53, 1958.

The Hirschowitz fiber optic endoscope, the "Fiberscope."  In February 1957 Hirschowitz passed the first prototype instrument down his own throat and, a few days later, down that of a patient. Hirschowitz gave the first report on the new much thinner, and much more flexible instrument at the Forty-First Annual Meeting of the Optical Society of America, October, 1956. His first very brief published report on the instrument was "A long fiberscope for internal medial examinations," J. Optical Soc. Am. I (1957), 117. This report was co-authored with the co-developers of the instrument, the physicist C. Wilber Peters (1918-89), who developed the glass-coated fiber with the optical qualities required for the fiber bundle of a gastroscope, and Peters's student Lawrence E. Curtiss. Hirschowtiz's 1958 paper cited here was his first report on the new instrument to the gastroenterology community.



Subjects: GASTROENTEROLOGY, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Endoscope, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Gastroscope
  • 2578.24

The homograft reaction.

Proc. roy. Soc. B, 149, 145-66, 1958.

Medawar showed grafting to be unsuccessful when donor and recipient animals came from the same litter, unless the two are genetically identical – another instance of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization
  • 2578.25

Separation and isolation of fractions of rabbit gamma-globulin containing the antibody and antigenic combining sites.

Nature (Lond.), 182, 670-71, 1958.

In 1972 Porter shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with G.M. Edelman (No. 2578.39) "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies."



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 2578.26

Iso-leuco-anticorps.

Acta haemat. (Basel), 20, 156-66, 1958.

Discovery of the first histocompatibility antigen.

In 1980 Dausset shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with B. Benacerraf and G. D. Snell "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions."



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 2578.27

Leucocyte antibodies in sera from pregnant women.

Nature (Lond.), 181, 1735-36, 1958.

Leucocyte typing and matching of histocompatibility determinants. See also Payne (No. 2578.23). With J. G. Eernisse and A. van Leeuwen



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY › Immunization
  • 2578.30

Histocompatibility genes of the mouse.

J. nat. Cancer Inst., 20, 787- 824; 21, 843-75, 1958.

Snell made fundamental contributions to transplantation genetics. At his suggestion genes governing transplantation were called histocompatibility genes and Gorer’s Antigen II became Histocompatibility-2 (H-2).

In 1980 Snell shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with B. Benacerraf and J. Dausset "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions."



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY, IMMUNOLOGY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , TRANSPLANTATION
  • 2581.1

A guide to the history of bacteriology.

New York: Ronald Press, 1958.

A selective annotated bibliography.



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY › History of Bacteriology
  • 16.3

The fragments of Praxagoras of Cos and his school. Collected, edited, and translated by Fritz Steckerl.

Leiden: Brill, 1958.


Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece
  • 4011.1

Experimental ringworm in guinea pigs: oral treatment with griseofulvin.

Nature (Lond.), 182, 476-77, 1958.

Use of griseofulvin in the treatment of ringworm.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › Specific Dermatoses › Fungal Skin Infections, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Mycosis › Dermaphytes Infections › Tinea (Ringworm), PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antifungal Medicines
  • 3412.7

Fenestration of the oval window.

Ann. Otol. (St. Louis), 67, 932-51, 1958.

Stapedectomy.



Subjects: OTOLOGY › Audiology › Hearing Tests
  • 4154.6

A unique case of trichorrhexis nodosa – “bamboo hairs”.

Arch. Derm. (Chicago), 78, 483-7, 1958.

“Netherton’s syndrome”.



Subjects: DERMATOLOGY › Specific Dermatoses
  • 5289.1

Factors that may influence the infection rate of Glossina palpalis with Trypanomosoma gambiense. 1. The age of the fly at the time of the infected feed.

Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 52, 385-90, 1958.

Wijers showed that the tsetse fly is infected during its first or second blood meal, but not afterwards, information of considerable importance in determining the criteria for the transmission of trypanosomiasis.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES › Tsetse Fly-Borne Diseases › Sleeping Sickness (African Trypanosomiasis), PARASITOLOGY › Trypanosoma
  • 5546.6

A bibliography of internal medicine. Communicable diseases.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1958.

An extensive bibliography, and substantial excerpts from practically every important reference made to each of 30 communicable diseases, from 1800 onwards.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › History of Infectious Disease
  • 5813.1

Milestones in modern surgery.

New York: Hoeber-Harper, 1958.

Each chapter contains prefatory comments, a short biography of each main builder of the particular milestone (with portrait), and his surgical contribution reprinted or translated in full.



Subjects: SURGERY: General › History of Surgery
  • 5449.3

Propagation of measles virus in cultures of chick embryo cells.

Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 97, 23-29, 1958.

With M. V. Milovanovič.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Measles
  • 6311.2

Obstetric and gynecologic milestones: essays in eponymy.

New York: Macmillan, 1958.

79 essays with historical accounts, excerpts from sources, etc.



Subjects: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › GYNECOLOGY › History of Gynecology, OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY › OBSTETRICS › History of Obstetrics
  • 6610.2

Rembrandt’s Anatomy of Dr. Nicholas Tulp. An iconological study.

New York: New York University Press, 1958.

An important supplement to and revision of this work is W. Schupbach, The paradox of Rembrandt’s ‘Anatomy of Dr. Tulp’. Med. Hist. Suppl. 2, 1982.



Subjects: ART & Medicine & Biology
  • 256.6

The replication of DNA in Escherichia coli.

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 44, 671-82, 1958.

The so-called Meselson-Stahl experiment, the first proof of semi-conservative replication of DNA. Semi-conservative replication describes the mechanism of DNA replication in all known cells. It derives its name from the production of two copies of the original DNA molecule, each of which contains one original strand, and one newly-synthesized strand. Digital facsimile from pnas.org at this link.



Subjects: BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
  • 6894

Sur l’expression et le rôle des allèles “inductible” et “constitutif” dans la synthèse de la β-galactosidase chez des zygotes d’ “Escherichia coli.

C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 246, 3125-3128, 1958.

The “PaJaMo” experiment of PArdee, JAcob, and MOnod “broke the impasse in Crick and Brenner’s comprehension of how information in the sequence of bases in DNA came to be expressed as a sequence of the amino acids in protein, and thus led to the theory of the messenger and the solution of the coding problem” (Judson 390).

This was recorded definitively in “The Genetic Control and Cytoplasmic Expression of ‘Inducibility’ in the Synthesis of β-galactosidase by E. coli,” J. Mol. Biol. 1 (1959) 165-78.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Synthesis
  • 6895

On protein synthesis.

Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol., 12,  138-63, 1958.

This paper proposed two general principles: 1) The Sequence Hypothesis: “The order of bases in a portion of DNA represents a code for the amino acid sequence of a specific protein. Each ‘word’ in the code would name a specific amino acid. From the two dimensional genetic text, written in DNA, are forced the whole diversity of uniquely shaped three-dimensional proteins” , and 2) The Central Dogma: “Information is transmitted from DNA and RNA to proteins, but information cannot flow from a protein to DNA. This paper “permanently altered the logic of biology” (Judson). 

Crick's first published statement of The Central Dogma appeared in the September 1957 issue  of Scientific American, 197, No. 3, 188-203, based upon his famous "Central Dogma" lecture given in September 1957 (G-M 13097). 




Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Synthesis
  • 6911

A three-dimensional model of the myoglobin molecule obtained by x-ray analysis.

Nature, 181, 662-666, 1958.

Initial paper on the first solution of the three-dimensional molecular structure of a protein. Computing the molecular structure in 3 dimensions was possible through the use of the Cambridge EDSAC stored-program electronic computer. Co-authored by G. Bodo, R. G. Parrish, H. Wyckoff, and D. C. Phillips. For further information see the entry at HistoryofInformation.com at this link.

In 1962 Kendrew shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Max Perutz "for their studies of the structures of globular proteins."

See also No. 6912.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Structure, COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Chemistry (selected)
  • 7401

L’Hérédité en ophtalmologie.

Paris: Masson & Cie, 1958.

English translation St. Louis: C.V. Mosby, 1961.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS, OPHTHALMOLOGY
  • 7538

Young man Luther: A study in psychoanalysis and history.

New York: Norton, 1958.


Subjects: BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works) › Biographies of Individuals, Psychoanalysis, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 7778

John Wesley among the physicians: A study of eighteenth-century medicine.

London: The Epworth Press, 1958.


Subjects: BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works) › Biographies of Individuals, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 8478

Mutilaciones dentarias: Prehispanicas de Mexico y America en general.

Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia, 1958.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Latin America, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Mexico, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry, Latin American Medicine › History of Latin American Medicine, Pre-Columbian Medicine, History of
  • 8500

A history of medicine in South Africa up to the end of the nineteenth century.

Cape Town & Amsterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1958.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › South Africa
  • 8603

Medicine-men of the North Pacific Coast. Bulletin (National Museum of Canada), no. 152.; Bulletin (National Museum of Canada)., Anthropological series, no. 42.

Ottawa: Dept. of Northern Affairs and National Resources, National Museum of Canada, 1958.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Canada, NATIVE AMERICANS & Medicine
  • 8657

Young endeavour: Contributions to science by medical students of the past four centuries.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1958.


Subjects: BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works)
  • 8744

Catalogue of botanical books in the collection of Rachel McMasters Hunt. 2 vols. in 3.

Pittsburgh, PA: Hunt Botanical Library, 19581961.

Ostensibly the catalogue of Rachel McMasters Hunt's private collection, which she donated to the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation at Carnegie Mellon University, this is much more than a finely printed, luxurious bibliographical catalogue because it contains several lengthy authoritative essays. Contents include:

Vol. 1. Printed Books 1477-1700. With several manuscripts of the 12, 15th, 16th & 17th centuries. Compiled by Jane Quinby. The Introduction, through p. lxxxiv, consists of four parts:

1. Botany from 840 to 1700 by Harold William Rickets

2. Historical aspects of early botanical books by John Farquhar Fulton.

3. The dawn-time of modern husbandy by Paul Bigelow Sears.

4. The illustration of early botanical books by Wilfred Blunt.

Vol. 2., Part 1. Introduction to printed books 1701-1800. Compiled by Allan Stevenson. This volume of 244pp. consists of essays and methodology only:

1. Eighteenth-century botanical printed in color by Gordon Dunthorne

2. Gardening books of the eighteenth century by John Scott Lennox Gilmour

3. Botanical gardens and botanical literature in the eighteenth century by William Thomas Stearn

4. A bibliographical method for the description of botanical books by Allan Stevenson.

Vol. 2, Part 2. Printed books 1701-1800 compiled by Allan Stevenson.

In his introductory essay, "Medical aspects of early botanical books," John Fulton wrote, "The use of plants for their medicinal qualities long antedated any kind of description of the plants themselves." He then noted some of the most significant printed herbals included in the Hunt collection, and continued "The contributions to herbal literature grew apace in the sixteenth century, and there are many which had a particular contribution to make to the history of medicine. The names of Brunfels, Fuchs, Bock, Brunschwig, Valerius Cordus, Gesner, Caspar Bauhin, Ruellius, Rosslein, and Dodoens come quickly to mind." Discussing the significance of the collection described in great detail in this catalogue, Fulton concluded appropriately, relative to scholarship available at the time, "As one reviews the literature concerned with the herbals, it is evident that primary critical attention has been almost without exception been directed either to the botanical or the bibliographical features of the books and that as yet no one has had the courage to study all the texts from the earliest times for their medical content and to assess their historical value...."



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographical Classics, BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Botany / Materia Medica, BOTANY › Botanical Gardens › History of Botanical Gardens, BOTANY › History of Botany, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Materia medica / Herbals / Herbal Medicines › History of Materia Medica, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 8941

Bibliographia Brasiliana: A bibliographical essay on rare books bout Brazil from 1504 to 1900 and works of Brazilian authors published abroad before the independence of Brazil in 1822. 2 vols.

Amsterdam & Rio De Janiero: Colbis Editora , 1958.

Includes early books on medicine and natural history of Brazil.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Brazil, Latin American Medicine
  • 8993

Darwin's century: Evolution and the men who discovered it.

New York: Doubleday, 1958.

An elegantly written and profound book that was a powerful influence to my own intellectual development when I read it in 1958; it also a great inspiration for me to study the history of evolution and biology.

"Eiseley documented that animal variation, extinction, and a lengthy history of the earth were observed from the 1600s onward. Scientists groped towards a theory with increasingly detailed observations. They became aware that evolution had occurred without knowing how. Evolution was "in the air" and part of the intellectual discourse both before and after On the Origin of Species was published. The publisher describes it thus: "At the heart of the account is Charles Darwin, but the story neither begins nor ends with him. Starting with the seventeenth-century notion of the Great Chain of Being, Dr. Eiseley traces the achievements and discoveries of men in many fields of science who paved the way for Darwin; and the book concludes with an extensive discussion of the ways in which Darwin's work has been challenged, improved upon, and occasionally refuted during the past hundred years."[14]

"Persons whose contributions are discussed include Sir Thomas BrowneSir Francis BaconCarl LinnaeusBenoît de Maillet, the Comte de BuffonErasmus DarwinLouis AgassizJean-Baptiste LamarckJames HuttonWilliam SmithGeorges CuvierÉtienne Geoffroy Saint-HilaireSir Charles LyellThomas Robert MalthusWilliam WellsPatrick MatthewKarl von BaerRobert ChambersThomas Henry HuxleySir John RichardsonAlexander HumboldtGregor MendelHugo De VriesW. L. JohannsenLambert Quételet, and Alfred Russel Wallace. Critics discussed include Fleeming JenkinA.W. BennettLord Kelvin, and Adam Sedgwick, both a mentor and a critic.15]" (Wikipedia).

 



Subjects: EVOLUTION › History of Evolutionary Thought
  • 9022

The first ten years of the World Health Organization.

Geneva: World Health Organization, 1958.

Digital facsimile from who.int at this link.



Subjects: Global Health
  • 9110

Late ancient and medieval population.

Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 48, pt. 3., Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1958.

Digital facsimile from JSTOR at this link.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Late Antiquity, DEMOGRAPHY / Population: Medical Statistics › History of Demography
  • 9232

Bibliography of international congresses of medical sciences. Prepared by W. J. Bishop under the auspices of the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences with the financial assistance of Unesco.

Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1958.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, Global Health
  • 9297

Negroes and medicine.

Cambridge, MA: Published for the Commonwealth Fund by Harvard University Press, 1958.


Subjects: BLACK PEOPLE & MEDICINE & BIOLOGY, SOCIAL MEDICINE
  • 9740

Herbals of five centuries. A contribution to medical history and bibliography.

Zurich: L'Art Ancien S. A. & Munich: Robert Wölfle Antiquariat, 1958.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Botany / Materia Medica, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Materia medica / Herbals / Herbal Medicines › History of Materia Medica
  • 10257

Les médecins de l'Égypte pharaonique, essai de prosopographie.

Brussels: Édition de la Fondation Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth, 1958.


Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Egypt › History of Ancient Medicine in Egypt
  • 10683

The Banks letters: A calendar of the manuscript correspondence of Sir Joseph Banks preserved in the British Museum, the British Museum (Natural History) and other collections in Great Britain.

London, 1958.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Manuscripts & Philology, NATURAL HISTORY
  • 10853

Medicine-men on the North Pacific Coast.

Ottawa: National Museum of Canada, 1958.


Subjects: ANTHROPOLOGY › Cultural Anthropology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Canada, NATIVE AMERICANS & Medicine, TRADITIONAL, Folk or Indigenous Medicine › Shamanism / Neoshamanism
  • 11458

Fecal enema as an adjunct in the treatment of pseudomembranous enterocolitis.

Surgery, 44, 854-859, 1958.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Eiseman, Silen, Bascom.... Report of the first "fecal transplant / fecal therapy," also known as "faecal microbiota transplanation," for recurrent / resistant C. difficile colitis. Eiseman and Bascom were surgeons; this could explain why this paper on infectious disease was published in the journal Surgery. When published in 1958 this treatment was considered "extremely radical" and was widely criticized. Several decades later the technique eventually became the "therapy of choice" in the 21st century for particularly virulent C. difficile infections.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: BACTERIOLOGY › BACTERIA (mostly pathogenic; sometimes indexed only to genus) › Gram-Positive Bacteria › Clostridium, GASTROENTEROLOGY › Diseases of the Digestive System, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Clostridium Difficile (C. difficile) Infections, MICROBIOLOGY › Microbiome
  • 11543

Cardiovascular sound in health and disease. Being a comprehensive treatise, introduced by a historical survey, illustrated mainly by sound spectrograms (spectral phonocardiograms) and supplemented by an extensive bibliography. With a section on respiratory sound.

Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1958.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › History of Cardiology, CARDIOLOGY › Tests for Heart & Circulatory Function › Auscultation and Physical Diagnosis
  • 12151

History of the San Francisco Medical Society. Vol. I, 1850 to 1900.

San Francisco, CA: San Francisco Medical Society, 1958.


Subjects: Education, Biomedical, & Biomedical Profession › History of Biomedical Education & Medical Profession, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › California
  • 12215

Les champignons hallucinogenes du Mexique. Études ethnologiques, taxinomiques, biologiques, physiologiques et chimiques.

Paris: Éditions du Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 1958.


Subjects: BOTANY › Cryptogams › Mycology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Mexico, PHARMACOLOGY › Psychopharmacology
  • 12561

Cold injury, ground type.

Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, 1958.

Summary of what was learned about frostbite and trenchfoot encountered by military personel in World War II. Digital facsimile from U.S. National Library of Medicine at this link.



Subjects: MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › History of Military Medicine, MILITARY MEDICINE, SURGERY & HYGIENE › World War II, Podiatry
  • 12971

Influence of light on the hyperbilirubinaemia of infants.

Lancet, 271, 1094-1097, 1958.

In 1956 Sister Jean Ward of the Premature Unit of the Rochford General Hospital in Essex, England noted the benefit of phototherapy when she took infants outside because she assumed that fresh air had healing benefits. In areas exposed to outdoor light, she and other doctors noted that the yellow tint of jaundice began to disappear. The staff of the hospital also found that bilirubin levels decreased in vials of blood set in the sunlight. Cremer, a physician, and "Pediatric Registrar" at Rochford General Hospital, created the first phototherapy machine to explore the effects of artificial light on premature infants. Cremer co-authored the paper with Perryman, a biochemist, and Richards, chief technician of the biochemistry department of the hospital.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Icterus Gravis Neonatorum, PEDIATRICS › Neonatology, THERAPEUTICS › Phototherapy
  • 13218

Das Buch der Gifte des Gābir Ibn Hayyān Arabischer Text in Faksimile (Hs. Taymūr [sic] Tibb 393, Kairo), übersetzt und Erläuter von Alfred Siggel. (Akademie der Wissenschaften under der Literature [Mainz], Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission, Band XIII).

Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1958.

Edition and translation of Jabir's The Book on Poisons and on the Repelling of their Harmful Effects (Kitāb al-Sumūm wa-dafʿ maḍārrihā, Kr. no. 2145).



Subjects: ISLAMIC OR ARAB MEDICINE, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Islamic or Arab Medicine, PHARMACOLOGY
  • 13499

Bibliografia medical Brasileira. Periodo Colonial 1808-1821.

New Haven, CT: Yale University School of Medicine, 1958.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Specific Subjects, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Brazil
  • 13560

The suppressor-mutator system of control of gene action in maize.

Ann. Rep. Dept. Gen. Carnegie. Inst. Yearbook, 57, 415-429, 1958.

In this paper McClintock described a novel mobile genetic element that she called Suppressor-Mutator (Spm), and its complex regulation. She discovered that Spm could switch back and forth between an “inactive” form and an active form—what she called “changes of phase,” later understood to be a result of methylation. Some forms of Spm cycled between inactive and active phases during development, while others showed specific patterns of expression, and were only active in certain plant parts. She suggested that "there was a direct relation between the degree of supressive capacity of an Spm element and its ability to induce a mutation." These pioneering studies foreshadowed later work by others showing the importance of epigenetics— heritable changes in development not caused by changes to the DNA sequence. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › Epigenetics, GENETICS / HEREDITY › Genome › Mobile Genetic Elements, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 14170

Homosexuality, transvestism and change of sex.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1958.

Probably the first publication to illustrate the stages of surgical transition from male to female, and to discuss the risks then involved in the operations.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: SEXUALITY / Sexology › Homosexuality, SEXUALITY / Sexology › Transsexuality
  • 14190

History of dental laboratories and their contributions to dentistry.

Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1958.


Subjects: DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry
  • 372.1

Andreas Vesalius's first public anatomy at Bologna, 1540. An eyewitness report by Baldasar Heseler, together with his notes on Matthaeus Curtius's lectures on Anatomia Mundini. Edited, with an introduction, translation into English and notes by Ruben Eriksson.

Uppsala, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1959.

A unique manuscript discovery helping us to bridge the gap in the development of Vesalius’s ideas between the Tabulae anatomicae sex (1538) and the Fabrica (1543). Vesalius typically preceded his anatomical demonstrations with Matthaeus' Curtius's commentaries on the Anatomy of Mundinus .



Subjects: ANATOMY › 16th Century
  • 1586.1

The historical development of physiological thought.

New York: Hafner, 1959.


Subjects: PHYSIOLOGY › History of Physiology
  • 532.3

Fertilization of rabbit ova in vitro.

Nature, 184, 466-67, 1959.

The birth of normal rabbits from in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer was the first proof that births resulting from this procedure are normal.



Subjects: EMBRYOLOGY › Infertility, Reproductive Technology › In-Vitro Fertilization
  • 1246.2

Micropuncture study of the mammalian urinary concentrating mechanism: Evidence for the countercurrent hypothesis.

Am. J. physiol., 196, 927-36, 1959.

Proof that tubular fluid is first concentrated in the loop of Henle, then diluted in the ascending limb of the loop before its final concentration in the collecting ducts, as predicted by the countercurrent hypothesis.



Subjects: Genito-Urinary System › Kidney: Urinary Secretion, NEPHROLOGY › Renal Physiology, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 144

A history of biology to about the year 1900. A general introduction to the study of living things. 3rd ed.

New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1959.


Subjects: BIOLOGY › History of Biology
  • 145.1

A history of cytology.

New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1959.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Cell Biology, BIOLOGY › History of Biology
  • 2442.3

Diethyl dithiolisophthalate in the treatment of leprosy (ETIP or “Etisul”); a progress report.

Leprosy Rev., 30, 61-72, 1959.

Ditophal (Etisul) in leprosy.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Leprosy, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Anti-Leprosy Drugs
  • 2353.2

Experiments on the antituberculous activity of alpha-ethyl-thioisonicotinamide.

Amer. Rev. Tuberc., 79, 1-5, 1959.

Ethionamide. With F. Grumbach and D. Liberman.



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Tuberculosis, PHARMACOLOGY › PHARMACEUTICALS › Antitubercular Drugs
  • 3047.10

The use of intracardiac pacemaker in the correction of total heart block.

Surg. Forum., 9, 245-48, 1959.

First use of pacemaker for Stokes–Adams syndrome, using dogs as subjects. External power source. See also Furman and Scawadel, John B., "An intracardiac pacemaker for Stokes–Adams seizures ," New Engl. J. Med.,1959, 261, 943-48.

The addenda to the Furman and Robinson paper reports, p. 248, the first use of a transvenous lead in two patients: " Since submission of this paper for publication 2 patients with total A-V dissociation have been maintained with the use of the intracardiac pacemaker. One during an operative procedure, the second, a patient with recurrent Stokes-Adams attacks, for the past 10 weeks with the cather remaining in the heart for this entire  period of time" (Quoted by W. Bruce Fye).



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias, CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias › Pacemakers, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Medical Instruments › Pacemakers
  • 3047.13

Ventricular aneurysm following myocardial infarction: Results of surgical treatment.

Ann. Surg., 150, 595-612, 1959.

Cardiopulmonary bypass and open excision of the aneurysm. With W.S. Henly, K.H. Amad, & D.W. Chapman.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Coronary Artery Disease › Myocardial Infarction, CARDIOVASCULAR (Cardiac) SURGERY
  • 3155.2

Genetic basis of the thalassaemia diseases.

Nature (Lond.), 184, 1903-09, 1959.


Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS › Blood Disorders › Thalassemia, HEMATOLOGY › Anemia & Chlorosis
  • 2883.3

A bipolar myocardial electrode for complete heart block.

J. Lancet, 79, 506-8, 1959.

With N. A. Roth, D. Bernardez, and J. L. Noble.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY, CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Arrythmias, INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES
  • 2578.31

The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity. The Abraham Flexner Lectures of Vanderbilt University 1958.

Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press & Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1959.

Burnet's clonal selection theory extended the idea that each antibody-producing cell makes antibodies of only one specificity, predicting these cells proliferate in response to the detection of antigens, cloning and thus selectively increasing antibody abundance; hence, clonal selection. Burnet also predicted that diversity of antibody specificities needs a cellular mechanism to randomize and create diversity.

Burnet first published his theory in 1957 as "A modification of Jerne's theory of antibody production using the concept of clonal selection," Aust. J. Sci. 20 (1957) 67–69.

In 1960 Burnet shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Medawar "for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance." See also No. 2578.7.



Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 3666.2

One-stage homotransplantation of the liver following total hepatectomy in dogs.

Transplant. Bull., 6, 103-07, 1959.

With nine co-authors.



Subjects: HEPATOLOGY › Diseases of the Liver, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 3666.6

Die historischen Grundlagen der Leberforschung. 2 vols.

Basel : B. Schwabe, 19591967.


Subjects: HEPATOLOGY › History of Hepatology
  • 5111.4

Cholera.

Geneva: World Health Organization, 1959.

Includes a section on the history of cholera. WHO Monograph Series,No. 43.



Subjects: EPIDEMIOLOGY › History of Epidemiology, Global Health, INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Cholera
  • 4405.02

Experiences with a finger-joint prosthesis.

J. Bone Jt. Surg., 41-A, 87-102, 1959.

First prosthetic device for replacement of destroyed finger-joints.



Subjects: ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Devices › Joint Replacement, ORTHOPEDICS › Orthopedic Surgery & Treatments › Hand / Wrist
  • 4962.5

Étude des chromosomes somatiques de neuf enfants mongoliens.

C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 248, 1721-22, 1959.

Discovery of trisomy-21, cause of Down’s syndrome. With M. Gautier and R. Turpin.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › GENETIC DISORDERS
  • 5019.1

A history of neurology.

New York: M. D. Publications, 1959.


Subjects: NEUROLOGY › History of Neurology
  • 6623.1

Shakespeare and medicine.

Edinburgh: E.& S. Livingstone, 1959.


Subjects: LITERATURE / Philosophy & Medicine & Biology › Drama › Shakespeare
  • 6637

The story of the growth of nursing as an art, a vocation, and a profession. Fifth edition.

London: Faber & Faber, 1959.


Subjects: NURSING › History of Nursing, WOMEN in Medicine & the Life Sciences, Publications About, WOMEN, Publications by › Years 1900 - 1999
  • 6638

The history of nursing: An interpretation of the social and medical factors involved.

Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1959.


Subjects: NURSING › History of Nursing, Social or Sociopolitical Histories of Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 6495.1

La médecine chinoise au cours des siècles.

Paris: Roger Dacosta, 1959.

English translation by B. Fielding, London, 1968.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › China, People's Republic of
  • 6548.1

The Royal College of Surgeons of England: A history.

London: Blond, 1959.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › England (United Kingdom), SURGERY: General › History of Surgery, Societies and Associations, Medical
  • 6357.01

Catalogue of the Clifford G. Grulee collection on pediatrics.

Chicago, IL: John Crerar Library, 1959.

4404 entries. The rare books formerly in the John Crerar Library are now in the Regenstein Library at the University of Chicago.



Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Catalogues of Physicians' / Scientists' Libraries, PEDIATRICS › History of Pediatrics
  • 6552

Obrazy z minulosti českého lèkarstvi.

Prague: Státni Zdravotnické Nakladatelstvi, 1959.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Czech Republic
  • 6569.3

Materialy po istorii meditsiny i zdravookhraneniia Latvii.

Riga, Latvia: Latviiskoe Gosud. Izd.-vo, 1959.

With F.F. Grigorash and A. A. Krauss. Revised abridged version by Vasil’ev and Grigorash, Moscow, 1964.



Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Latvia
  • 258.2

Classic papers in genetics.

Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1959.


Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › History of Genetics / Heredity
  • 6908

Reasoning foundations of medical diagnosis.

Science, 130, (3366), 9-21, 1959.

The beginning of the development of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) — interactive computer programs, or expert systems, designed to assist physicians and other health professionals with decision making tasks, including diagnosis. For further information see HistoryofInformation.com at this link. The paper is available at doi:10.1126/science.130.3366.9JSTOR 1758070.

 



Subjects: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine , COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology
  • 7288

A new fossil from Olduvai.

Nature, 184, 491-494, 1959.

In 1959 Mary Leakey discovered the "Zinj" skull (OH 5) at Olduvai Gorge. This became the type specimen for Paranthropus boisei, arguably the most famous early human fossil from Olduvai in Northern Tanzania. The species lived from about 2.3 to about 1.2 million years before present.



Subjects: ANTHROPOLOGY › Physical Anthropology, COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › Tanzania, EVOLUTION › Human Origins / Human Evolution
  • 7402

Les cataractes congénitales.

Paris: G. Masson, 1959.


Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › HEREDITARY / CONGENITAL DISEASES OR DISORDERS, OPHTHALMOLOGY , OPHTHALMOLOGY › Ocular Surgery & Procedures › Cataract
  • 8135

Jewish medical ethics: A comparative and historical study of the Jewish religious attitude to medicine and its practice.

New York: Bloch Publishing Company, 1959.


Subjects: Ethics, Biomedical, Ethics, Biomedical › History of Biomedical Ethics, Jews and Medicine, RELIGION & Medicine & the Life Sciences
  • 8757

Dictionary of medical slang and related esoteric expressions.

Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1959.

This book by the physician chairman of the National Association on Standard Medical Vocabulary includes many terms and phrases that were found in any other dictionary with the word medical in the title. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: Dictionaries, Biomedical › Lexicography, Biomedical
  • 9727

Moderne problem der humangenetik.

Ergeb. inn. Med. u. Kinderheilk., 12, 52-125., 1959.

In this paper Vogel coined the term pharmacogenetics, as the study of the role of genetics in drug response.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY, GENETICS / HEREDITY › GENETIC DISORDERS, PHARMACOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY › Pharmacogenetics
  • 10281

The Kansas doctor: A century of pioneering.

Lawrence, KA: University of Kansas Press, 1959.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › United States › American Midwest, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Kansas
  • 10676

Parasites and parasitic infections in early medicine and science.

Singapore: University of Malaya Press, 1959.


Subjects: PARASITOLOGY › History of Parasitology
  • 10753

Studies in magical amulets, chiefly Graeco-Egyptian.

Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1959.

A study of Graeco-Roman popular medicine and superstition based upon the examination of hundreds of engraved gemsntones that were thought to contain magical and medicinal properties. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.



Subjects: ANCIENT MEDICINE › Egypt, ANCIENT MEDICINE › Greece, Magic & Superstition in Medicine
  • 10840

Scrapie and Kuru.

Lancet, 274, 289-290., 1959.

In 1959 Hadlow, a veterinarian, visited a medical exposition in England where Carlton Gajdusek posted pathological slides of autopsied Kuru brains and a clinical description of the illness. He realized that Gajdusek's slides and clinical descriptions were almost identical to an illness that he had been studying in sheep (Scrapie). It was well known that Scrapie was a transmissible, infectious illness. In his paper Hadlow postulated several landmark ideas:

1) Kuru was similar to Scrapie.

2) Kuru was transmissible.

3) Hadlow also suggested that to demonstrate transmissibilty one should inject brain tissue from Kuru victims into chimp brains since they are so closely related to humans.

4) He also noted that many months or years might be required before disease would be recognizable in non-human primates.

All of Hadlow's assertions were later confirmed.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: INFECTIOUS DISEASE › Prion Diseases, VETERINARY MEDICINE
  • 11405

The discovery of Dicumarol and its sequels.

Circulation, 19, 97-107, 1959.

An historical account of the discovery of the anticoagulant Warfarin by the primary investigator. The first use for this substance was rat poison. Digital facsimile from ahajournals.org at this link.



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Thrombosis / Embolism, HEMATOLOGY › Anticoagulation, PHARMACOLOGY › History of Pharmacology & Pharmaceuticals, TOXICOLOGY
  • 11560

Digital recording of electrocardiographic data for analysis by a digital computer.

IRE Trans. Med. Elect., ME-6, 167-171, 1959.

This is probably the earliest paper on the use of computers to analyze electrocardiograms.

The abstract:

"A corrected orthogonal 3-lead system has been used to record electrocardiograms directly from patients at Veterans Hospitals, using three FM channels of magnetic tape. A pilot facility has been designed and assembled by NBS to permit a medical technician to inspect these on an oscilloscope and select a significant cardiac cycle. This is automatically sampled at millisecond intervals and the numerical values are stored in digital form on magnetic tape acceptable to an electronic computer. Upon writing various programs for the digital computer, the cardiac researcher will have a flexible tool for objective analysis of large quantities of biological data by a variety of possible criteria."



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › Tests for Heart & Circulatory Function › Electrocardiography, COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology
  • 11639

Bibliotheca Boerhaaviana by G. A. Lindeboom.

Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1959.


Subjects: BIBLIOGRAPHY › Bibliographies of Individual Authors
  • 12277

Angina pectoris.I. A variant form of angina pectoris. Preliminary report.

Am. J. Med., 27, 375-88, 1959.
Prinzmetal angina. "Dr. Prinzmetal and his collaborators focus upon an interesting variant of angina pectoris which appears to be associated with temporary, recurrent spasm of a partially occluded coronary artery. In contrast to the usual angina pectoris, precordial pain in this variant is apt to come on at rest and is relieved by exercise. There is a striking elevation of the ST segment during severe attacks of pain, simulating acute myocardial infarction, but this promptly reverts to normal upon cessation of the attack" (Agress, Myron Prinzmetal. Profiles in Cardiology, 347). 


Subjects: CARDIOLOGY › CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE › Coronary Artery Disease › Angina Pectoris
  • 12603

The baths of Pozzuoli. A study of the medieval illuminations of Peter of Eboli's poem. By Claus Michael Kauffmann.

Oxford: Bruno Cassirer, 1959.


Subjects: ART & Medicine & Biology, MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Italy, THERAPEUTICS › Balneotherapy
  • 12655

Programs with Common Sense. IN: Mechanisation of thought processes, Proceedings of the Symposium of the National Physics Laboratory, pages 77-84.

London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1959.

"Programs with Common Sense was probably the first paper on logical AI, i.e. AI in which logic is the method of representing information in computer memory and not just the subject matter of the program. The paper was given in the Teddington Conference on the Mechanization of Thought Processes in December 1958 and printed in the proceedings of that conference. It may also be the first paper to propose common sense reasoning ability as the key to AI" (http://jmc.stanford.edu/articles/mcc59.html).

Available from jmc.stanford.edu at this link.



Subjects: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine , COMPUTING/MATHEMATICS in Medicine & Biology › Computing / Mathematics in Medicine & Biology
  • 12922

Notes et mémoires pour servir à l'histoire de l'art dentaire et à l'étude de l'évolution scientifique de l'odonto-stomatologie en France.

Paris: Expansion scientifique française, 1959.


Subjects: COUNTRIES, CONTINENTS AND REGIONS › France, DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry
  • 12969

Standards for height and weight of British children from birth to maturity.

Lancet, 274, 1086-1088, 1959.

Tanner established "normal" parameters for ranking the height and weight of children by percentile during growth. 
(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: PEDIATRICS
  • 13104

Napoleon immortal: The medical history and private life of Napoleon Bonaparte.

London: John Murray, 1959.


Subjects: BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works) › Biographies of Individuals
  • 13146

Metabolic care of the surgical patient. Edited by Francis D. Moore.

Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1959.

"...This book, by authorities in the field, is up to date and well organized. A wide range of subjects, including surgical endocrinology and metabolism, is covered. Important subjects such as normal and abnormal convalescense, hematological findings, fluid and electrolyte management, and repair of tissues and wounds are presented in detail. An outstanding feature is the clear and concise way in which the physiological bases of various conditions are explained. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are given special consideration providing ready answers for many problems. The book discusses all processes affecting surgical convalescence, including hydration, starvation, potassium deficiency, healing, adrenal failure, anemia, and shock. All types of feedings, including tube feedings, are discussed in detail. Case histories are used to illustrate principles of treatment and day-to-day problems...." (publisher).



Subjects: SURGERY: General › Surgical Metabolism
  • 13156

Avicenna's De anima (Arabic text) being the psychological part of Kitāb al-Shifā'. Edited by R. Rahman.

London & New York: Oxford University Press, 1959.


Subjects: MEDIEVAL MEDICINE › Medieval Persian Islamic Medicine, PSYCHOLOGY
  • 13242

Speech and brain mechanisms.

Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1959.


Subjects: NEUROSURGERY, Speech, Anatomy and Physiology of
  • 13256

The human body, what it is and how it works. Text by Mitchell Wilson. Illustrations by Cornelius De Witt. Arthur W. Seligmann, M.D., medical consultant.

New York: Golden Press, 1959.

A modern classic of medical illustration, and the popularization of medicine. The artist is best known for illustrating children's books.



Subjects: ANATOMY › 20th Century, ANATOMY › Anatomical Illustration, Illustration, Biomedical, Popularization of Medicine
  • 13334

Transfusions et greffes de moelle osseuse homologue chez des humains irradiés a haute dos accidentellement.

Rev. Franc. Etudes Clin. et Biol., 4, 226-238, 1959.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Mathé, Jammet, Pendic et al. Mathé performed the first bone marrow graft between unrelated donors and hosts in order to save six Yugoslavian nuclear researchers who had been accidentally irradiated. That event made him aware of the possibility and necessity of developing active and adoptive immunotherapy and applying it to the treatment of cancers.



Subjects: ONCOLOGY & CANCER, Regenerative Medicine, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 13526

Quantitative studies of tissue transplantation immunity. IV. Induction of tolerance in newborn mice and studies on the phenomenon of Runt Disease.

Phil. Trans. B., 242, 439-477, 1959.

First description of what became known as Graft-versus-host disease (GvDH). This the authors initially called "graft against host (GAH)." The authors cited three conditions, later known as the Billingham criteria, which must be met for GvHD to occur:

  • 'An immuno-competent graft is administered, with viable and functional immune cells.
  • The recipient is immunologically different from the donor – histo-incompatible.
  • The recipient is immunocompromised and therefore cannot destroy or inactivate the transplanted cells." (Wikipedia article on Graft-versus-host-disease, accessed 8-2021).
(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)


Subjects: IMMUNOLOGY, TRANSPLANTATION
  • 13534

The health seekers of Southern California 1870-1900.

San Marino, CA: The Huntington Library, 1959.


Subjects: U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › California
  • 13591

Dr. Kelly of Hopkins: Surgeon, Scientist, Christian.

Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1959.

Davis was a personal friend of Kelly for twenty years. She based this biography partly on Kelly's notebooks and journals that Kelly left her upon his death.



Subjects: BIOGRAPHY (Reference Works) › Biographies of Individuals
  • 13800

Public health in the town of Boston, 1630-1822.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959.


Subjects: PUBLIC HEALTH › History of Public Health, U.S.: CONTENT OF PUBLICATIONS BY STATE & TERRITORY › Massachusetts
  • 13942

On the topology of the genetic fine structure.

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA), 45, 1607-1620, 1959.

Benzer developed "the T4 rII system, a new genetic technique involving recombination in T4 bacteriophage rII mutants. After observing that a particular rII mutant, a mutation that caused the bacteriophage to eliminate bacteria more rapidly than usual, was not exhibiting the expected phenotype, it occurred to Benzer that this strain might have come from a cross between two different rII mutants (each having part of the rII gene intact) wherein a recombination event resulted in a normal rII sequence. Benzer realized that by generating many r mutants and recording the recombination frequency between different r strains, one could create a detailed map of the gene, much as Alfred Sturtevant had done for chromosomes.[8] Taking advantage of the enormous number of recombinants that could be analyzed in the rII mutant system, Benzer was eventually able to map over 2400 rII mutations. The data he collected provided the first evidence that the gene is not an indivisible entity, as previously believed, and that genes were linear" (Wikipedia article on Seymour Benzer, accessed 7-22).

Digital facsimile of the 1959 paper from PubMedCentral at this link. See also Benzer's "On the topography of the genetic fine structure," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 47 (1961) 403-415. Digital facsimile of the 1961 paper from PubMedCentral at this link.



Subjects: GENETICS / HEREDITY › Genetics
  • 14056

Pheromones (ectohormones) in insects.

Annual Review of Entomology, 4, 39-58, 1959.

Karlson and Butenandt (Nobel Prize 1939) defined pheromones as “substances which are secreted to the outside by an individual of the same species, in which they release a specific reaction, for example, a definite behavior or a developmental process.” They distinguished between pheromones acting via olfaction and those acting via oral or ingestive routes. The former produced immediate releasing responses (e.g., initiating and guiding the flight of the male silk worm moth, Bombyx mori, to the female) and the latter delayed endocrine or reproductive effects, such as the caste-determining substances of many social insects.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: BIOLOGY › Animal Communication, BIOLOGY › Pheromones, ZOOLOGY › Arthropoda › Entomology
  • 14141

Factors affecting the activity of muscle phosphorylase b kinase.

J. biol. Chem. , 234, 2867-2873, 1959.

In 1992 Krebs and Fischer were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism." Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.

Order of authorship in the original publication: Krebs, Graves, Fischer.

(Thanks to Juan Weiss for this reference and its interpretation.)



Subjects: BIOLOGY › MOLECULAR BIOLOGY › Protein Receptors, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • 14191

A history of the American Dental Association 1859-1959.

Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 1959.


Subjects: DENTISTRY › History of Dentistry
  • 14227

Einführung in die stereotaktischen Operationen mit einem Atlas des menschlichen Gehirns. Introduction to stereotaxis with an atlas of the human brain. Large folio text plus 2 large folio binders of plates with captions.

Stuttgart: Georg Thieme & New York: Grune & Stratton, 1959.


Subjects: INSTRUMENTS & TECHNOLOGIES › Surgical Instruments › Stereotactic Surgery, NEUROSURGERY
  • 14230

Association of specific overt behavior pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings: Blood cholesterol level, blood clotting time, incidence of arcus senilis, and clinical coronary artery disease.

J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 169, 1286-1296, 1959.

Abstract:
"Three groups of men, selected solely according to the behavior pattern which they habitually manifested in their work, were compared with respect to their serum cholesterol levels, clotting times, presence of clinical coronary disease, and presence of arcus senilis. A group (A) of 83 men were chosen as manifesting an intense, sustained drive for achievement and as being continually involved in competition and deadlines, both at work and in their avocations. In this group the serum cholesterol level, the frequency of arcus senilis, and the incidence of coronary artery disease were much higher than in a group (B) of 83 men who mainfested the opposite sort of behavior pattern and a group (C) of 46 unemployed blind men selected as manifesting a chronic state of insecurity and anxiety. Clinical coronary artery disease was seven times more frequent in group A than in group B or group C. Analysis of actors other than the overt behavior pattern described indicated that this pattern per se was largely responsible for the striking differences found."

This paper and continuing follow-up research became the basis for Friedman and Rosenman's controversial, popular book,Type A behavior and your heart (1974).



Subjects: CARDIOLOGY
  • 14242

Receptive fields of single neurones in the cat's striate cortex.

J. Physiol., 148, 574-591, 1959.

Also: Hubel & Wiesel, Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex, J. Physiol., 160, 1962, 106-154. 

In 1981 Hubel and Wiesel shared half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for “for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system.” The other half was awarded to Roger W. Sperry "for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres."



Subjects: NEUROSCIENCE › Neurophysiology, NOBEL PRIZES › Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine