Alfanus I or Alfano I, a physician before he became archbishop, was one of the earliest doctors of the Schola Medica Salernitana. He was Archbishop of Salerno from 1058 to his death. He was famed as a translator, writer, theologian, and medical doctor. Alfanus translated many manuscripts from the Arabic. His interest in medicine and the translation of Arabic treatises led him to invite Constantine the African from Carthage (in what is now Tunisia) to Salerno to assist him. Constantine brought with him a library of Arabic medical texts which he commenced to translate into Latin.